SCC of 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel—Microstructure, Residual Stress and Surface Grinding Effects
1
Department of Material Science, Dalarna University, SE-79188 Falun, and KTH, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
2
Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
3
Corrosion Department, Avesta Research Center–Outokumpu Stainlelss AB, SE-77422 Avesta, Sweden
4
Jernkontoret, SE-11187 Stockholm, and KTH, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Alex A. Volinsky
Materials 2017, 10(3), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030221
Received: 4 January 2017
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Revised: 20 February 2017
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Accepted: 21 February 2017
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Published: 23 February 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress Corrosion Cracking in Materials)
The influence of surface grinding and microstructure on chloride induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 2304 duplex stainless steel has been investigated. Grinding operations were performed both parallel and perpendicular to the rolling direction of the material. SCC tests were conducted in boiling magnesium chloride according to ASTM G36; specimens were exposed both without external loading and with varied levels of four-point bend loading. Residual stresses were measured on selected specimens before and after exposure using the X-ray diffraction technique. In addition, in-situ surface stress measurements subjected to four-point bend loading were performed to evaluate the deviation between the actual applied loading and the calculated values according to ASTM G39. Micro-cracks, initiated by grinding induced surface tensile residual stresses, were observed for all the ground specimens but not on the as-delivered surfaces. Loading transverse to the rolling direction of the material increased the susceptibility to chloride induced SCC. Grinding induced tensile residual stresses and micro-notches in the as-ground surface topography were also detrimental.
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Keywords:
stress corrosion cracking; duplex stainless steel 2304; microstructure; residual stress; grinding
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zhou, N.; Peng, R.L.; Schönning, M.; Pettersson, R. SCC of 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel—Microstructure, Residual Stress and Surface Grinding Effects. Materials 2017, 10, 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030221
AMA Style
Zhou N, Peng RL, Schönning M, Pettersson R. SCC of 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel—Microstructure, Residual Stress and Surface Grinding Effects. Materials. 2017; 10(3):221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030221
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Nian, Ru L. Peng, Mikael Schönning, and Rachel Pettersson. 2017. "SCC of 2304 Duplex Stainless Steel—Microstructure, Residual Stress and Surface Grinding Effects" Materials 10, no. 3: 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10030221
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