Next Article in Journal
Optimal Bidding Strategies for the Participation of Aggregators in Energy Flexibility Markets
Previous Article in Journal
Corona-Generated Space Charge Characteristic in an Indoor HVDC Corona Cage Under Atmospheric Temperature Conditions
 
 
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Energy-Efficient Management of Urban Water Distribution Networks Under Hydraulic Anomalies: A Review of Technologies and Challenges

1
School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Urban-Rural Water Resource & Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
3
School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
4
Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(11), 2877; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112877
Submission received: 24 April 2025 / Revised: 21 May 2025 / Accepted: 28 May 2025 / Published: 30 May 2025

Abstract

Urban water distribution systems face growing challenges from energy inefficiencies caused by hydraulic anomalies, such as pipe aging, bursts, demand variability, and suboptimal pump and valve operations. This review systematically evaluates current technologies for energy-efficient management of WDNs under such conditions, structured around both basic and applied technologies. Basic technologies include real-time monitoring, data acquisition, and hydraulic modeling with CFD simulation. Applied technologies focus on demand forecasting, pressure management for energy optimization, and leakage anomaly detection. Case studies demonstrate the practical value of these approaches. Despite recent advances, challenges persist in data interoperability, real-time optimization complexity, scalability, and forecasting uncertainty. Future research should emphasize adaptive AI algorithms, integration of digital twin platforms with control systems, hybrid optimization frameworks, and renewable energy recovery technologies. This review provides a comprehensive foundation for the development of intelligent, energy-efficient, and resilient urban water distribution systems through integrated, data-driven management strategies.
Keywords: water distribution network; hydraulic model; energy efficiency; pressure management; leakage detection; water demand forecasting; pump and valve optimization water distribution network; hydraulic model; energy efficiency; pressure management; leakage detection; water demand forecasting; pump and valve optimization

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Duan, B.; Gao, J.; Cao, H.; Hu, S. Energy-Efficient Management of Urban Water Distribution Networks Under Hydraulic Anomalies: A Review of Technologies and Challenges. Energies 2025, 18, 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112877

AMA Style

Duan B, Gao J, Cao H, Hu S. Energy-Efficient Management of Urban Water Distribution Networks Under Hydraulic Anomalies: A Review of Technologies and Challenges. Energies. 2025; 18(11):2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112877

Chicago/Turabian Style

Duan, Bowen, Jinliang Gao, Huizhe Cao, and Shiyuan Hu. 2025. "Energy-Efficient Management of Urban Water Distribution Networks Under Hydraulic Anomalies: A Review of Technologies and Challenges" Energies 18, no. 11: 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112877

APA Style

Duan, B., Gao, J., Cao, H., & Hu, S. (2025). Energy-Efficient Management of Urban Water Distribution Networks Under Hydraulic Anomalies: A Review of Technologies and Challenges. Energies, 18(11), 2877. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112877

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop