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Energies
Volume 18
Issue 11
10.3390/en18112841
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Review

CO2-ECBM from a Full-Chain Perspective: Mechanism Elucidation, Demonstration Practices, and Future Outlook

by
Yinan Cui
1,2,
Chao Li
1,2,
Yuchen Tian
3,4,5,*,
Bin Miao
6,7,
Yanzhi Liu
3,4,5,
Zekun Yue
3,4,5,
Xuguang Dai
3,4,5,
Jinghui Zhao
2,8,
Hequn Gao
1,2,
Hui Li
1,2,
Yaozu Zhang
1,2,
Guangrong Zhang
2,8,
Bei Zhang
9,
Shiqi Liu
3,4,5 and
Sijian Zheng
3,4,5,*
1
Exploration and Development Research Institute, East China Oil and Gas Company, SINOPEC, Nanjing 210000, China
2
Key Laboratory of Deep Coalbed Methane Exploration and Development, SINOPEC, Nanjing 210000, China
3
School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
4
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-Based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221108, China
5
Carbon Neutrality Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China
6
College of Resources, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Tai’an 271019, China
7
Zaozhuang Mining Group Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang 277000, China
8
Linfen Coalbed Methane Branch, SINOPEC, Linfen 041000, China
9
China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Guangxi Construction Co., Ltd., Nanning 530000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(11), 2841; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112841
Submission received: 23 April 2025 / Revised: 16 May 2025 / Accepted: 26 May 2025 / Published: 29 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Unconventional Reservoirs and Enhanced Oil Recovery)
Versions Notes

Abstract

CO2-enhanced coalbed methane recovery (CO2-ECBM) represents a promising pathway within carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, offering dual benefits of methane production and long-term CO2 sequestration. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of CO2-ECBM from a full-chain perspective (Mechanism, Practices, and Outlook), covering fundamental mechanisms and key engineering practices. It highlights the complex multi-physics processes involved, including competitive adsorption–desorption, diffusion and seepage, thermal effects, stress responses, and geochemical interactions. Recent progress in laboratory experiments, capacity assessments, site evaluations, monitoring techniques, and numerical simulations are systematically reviewed. Field studies indicate that CO2-ECBM performance is strongly influenced by reservoir pressure, temperature, injection rate, and coal seam properties. Structural conditions and multi-field coupling further affect storage efficiency and long-term security. This work also addresses major technical challenges such as real-time monitoring limitations, environmental risks, injection-induced seismicity, and economic constraints. Future research directions emphasize the need to deepen understanding of coupling mechanisms, improve monitoring frameworks, and advance integrated engineering optimization. By synthesizing recent advances and identifying research priorities, this review aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the scalable deployment of CO2-ECBM, contributing to global energy transition and carbon neutrality goals.
Keywords: CO2-ECBM; CCUS; site suitability assessment; numerical simulation; environmental risk; energy security CO2-ECBM; CCUS; site suitability assessment; numerical simulation; environmental risk; energy security

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Cui, Y.; Li, C.; Tian, Y.; Miao, B.; Liu, Y.; Yue, Z.; Dai, X.; Zhao, J.; Gao, H.; Li, H.; et al. CO2-ECBM from a Full-Chain Perspective: Mechanism Elucidation, Demonstration Practices, and Future Outlook. Energies 2025, 18, 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112841

AMA Style

Cui Y, Li C, Tian Y, Miao B, Liu Y, Yue Z, Dai X, Zhao J, Gao H, Li H, et al. CO2-ECBM from a Full-Chain Perspective: Mechanism Elucidation, Demonstration Practices, and Future Outlook. Energies. 2025; 18(11):2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112841

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cui, Yinan, Chao Li, Yuchen Tian, Bin Miao, Yanzhi Liu, Zekun Yue, Xuguang Dai, Jinghui Zhao, Hequn Gao, Hui Li, and et al. 2025. "CO2-ECBM from a Full-Chain Perspective: Mechanism Elucidation, Demonstration Practices, and Future Outlook" Energies 18, no. 11: 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112841

APA Style

Cui, Y., Li, C., Tian, Y., Miao, B., Liu, Y., Yue, Z., Dai, X., Zhao, J., Gao, H., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, B., Liu, S., & Zheng, S. (2025). CO2-ECBM from a Full-Chain Perspective: Mechanism Elucidation, Demonstration Practices, and Future Outlook. Energies, 18(11), 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112841

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