Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods

Elsadd, Mahmoud A.; Zobaa, Ahmed F.; Khattab, Heba A.; Abd El Aziz, Ahmed M.; Fetouh, Tamer

doi:10.3390/en16237862

Open AccessArticle

Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods

by

Mahmoud A. Elsadd

¹

,

Ahmed F. Zobaa

^2,*

,

Heba A. Khattab

³,

Ahmed M. Abd El Aziz

³ and

Tamer Fetouh

³

¹

Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt

²

Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK

³

Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Energies 2023, 16(23), 7862; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237862

Submission received: 22 September 2023 / Revised: 18 November 2023 / Accepted: 23 November 2023 / Published: 30 November 2023

(This article belongs to the Section F2: Distributed Energy System)

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Abstract

This paper presents an integrated overcurrent relays coordination approach for an Egyptian electric power distribution system. The protection scheme suits all network topologies, including adding distribution generation units (DGs) and creating new paths during fault repair periods. The optimal types, sizes, and locations of DGs are obtained using HOMER software (Homer Pro 3.10.3) and a genetic algorithm (GA). The obtained values align with minimizing energy costs and environmental pollution. The proposed approach maintains dependability and security under all configurations using a single optimum setting for each relay. The calculations consider probable operating conditions, including DGs and fault repair periods. The enhanced coordination procedure partitions the ring into four parts and divides the process into four paths. The worst condition of two cascaded overcurrent relays from the DGs’ presence viewpoint is generalized for future work. Moreover, a novel concept addresses the issue of insensitivity during fault repair periods. The performance is validated through the simulation of an Egyptian primary distribution network.

Keywords: adaptive coordination; directional relay; distributed generator; HOMER; photovoltaic (PV); wind turbine; fuel cell genetic algorithm; overcurrent protection

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MDPI and ACS Style

Elsadd, M.A.; Zobaa, A.F.; Khattab, H.A.; Abd El Aziz, A.M.; Fetouh, T. Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods. Energies 2023, 16, 7862. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237862

AMA Style

Elsadd MA, Zobaa AF, Khattab HA, Abd El Aziz AM, Fetouh T. Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods. Energies. 2023; 16(23):7862. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237862

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elsadd, Mahmoud A., Ahmed F. Zobaa, Heba A. Khattab, Ahmed M. Abd El Aziz, and Tamer Fetouh. 2023. "Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods" Energies 16, no. 23: 7862. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237862

APA Style

Elsadd, M. A., Zobaa, A. F., Khattab, H. A., Abd El Aziz, A. M., & Fetouh, T. (2023). Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods. Energies, 16(23), 7862. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16237862

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Communicationless Overcurrent Relays Coordination for Active Distribution Network Considering Fault Repairing Periods

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