A Sequential Multi-Staged Approach for Developing Digital One-Stop Shops to Support Energy Renovations of Residential Buildings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review: Building Renovation One-Stop Shops
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Methodological Approach
3.2. Case-Study Portugal
3.3. Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis
3.4. Semi-Structured Expert Interviews
3.5. Customer Journey
3.6. Digital One-Stop Shop for Residential Building Renovations
3.7. Market Consultation Survey
4. Results
4.1. Overview
4.2. Stakeholder Mapping and Analysis
4.3. Semi-Structured Expert Interviews
4.4. Customer Journey
4.5. Digital One-Stop Shop for Residential Buildings Renovation
4.6. Market Consultation Survey
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Interview Script Used for the Semi-Structured Expert Interviews
- Portuguese buildings characterization:
- What are the most pressing pathologies and needs of residential buildings in Portugal?
- What kind of construction and materials are more common in old residential buildings in Lisbon (constructed before 1919/1945)? What pathologies are typically present and require intervention? Other common characteristics (area, number, divisions, owner/tenant, among others)?
- What type of energy consumption is typically found in old residential buildings in Lisbon (e.g., electricity, natural gas, biomass)? What type of energy-consuming equipment exists?
- Portuguese renovation market evolution:
- 4.
- How has the building renovation market evolved in Portugal over the last few decades?
- 5.
- What are the main drivers and barriers from the perspective of the various players involved in the different stages of the energy renovation process of a residential building?
- 6.
- What is the average quality of renovation works of buildings in Portugal, taking into account energy performance improvement?
- 7.
- Why is the rate of building renovation in Portugal so low compared with the European average and the figures predicted in the European Green Deal and the European Renovation Wave?
- 8.
- How has the market for the renovation of historic areas of Lisbon/Portugal been evolving? What are the main drivers? What needs to be addressed to increase the number and quality of projects, without requiring the residents to leave?
- 9.
- How to leverage the residential building renovation market in Portugal taking into consideration the decarbonization of the sector by 2050?
- Technical measures for the energy renovation of residential buildings:
- 10.
- Which energy efficiency and comfort measures must be prioritized in Portuguese buildings? Which of them are most frequently applied? Which could be applied, but are not? Why?
- 11.
- What type of measures provide an improvement in thermic performance of buildings in both winter and summer?
- 12.
- What type of energy efficiency and comfort solutions are most appropriate for old buildings? Which of them are most frequently applied? Which of them could bring benefits, but are not applied? Why?
- 13.
- How is the integration of renewables (mainly solar photovoltaic) evolving in the renovation of residential buildings? And in old residential buildings with historic value?
- 14.
- What type of innovative, technical solutions are being developed to improve the energetic and thermic comfort performance, with short/medium term impact on the market?
- 15.
- How much importance do you give to local knowledge and techniques in the renovation of buildings? And to the existence of qualified entities in a context of proximity to the community?
- 16.
- How important is it to use locally sourced materials, from the perspective of sustainability, circular economy, and thermic performance improvement?
- Policies and regulations for the renovation of residential buildings:
- 17.
- What is your perspective on the evolution of policies and regulations, in Lisbon and Portugal, which establish the norms for the renovation of buildings? What are their pros and cons when considering a continued and sustainable energy renovation?
- 18.
- What policies and regulations, in Lisbon and Portugal, are specific to the renovation of old and historic residential buildings?
- 19.
- What are the main barriers to the renovation of historic buildings?
- 20.
- Which regulations/measures/processes could be adopted to streamline and expedite the renovation process of a building?
- Financing instruments for the renovation of residential buildings:
- 21.
- Do you think that financial support instruments for the renovation of buildings in Portugal have been effective? If not, why not?
- 22.
- What are the factors that determine the success of this kind of support? What importance do you give to personal and personalized contact for the adoption of financial support?
- 23.
- How important are digital platforms to involve people in building renovation and to increasing the rate of adoption of financial instruments by the population. What information do you consider should be on these sites?
- 24.
- What financial (or other) barriers are still present in renovation projects for the various participants?
- 25.
- What financial (or other) mechanisms could be implemented in order to accelerate the renovation and regeneration of historic areas? And what about the renovation of residential buildings in general to increase the current rate (from 1% to 3.5%)?
- 26.
- How should the renovation of buildings, where people on low wages live and who have no ability to invest, be promoted? How could a financial instrument be specifically directed to these people?
- 27.
- How could traditional commerce and services, often situated on the ground floor of residential buildings, be involved in the rehabilitation process? What instruments should be directed to these small and medium sized companies?
- Citizen engagement and district-scale approaches:
- 28.
- Which stakeholders should be involved in the renovation of buildings in Portugal?
- 29.
- What type of approach is necessary to involve citizens, companies, and authorities in the renovation of buildings?
- 30.
- What possible advantages and disadvantages are there in the adoption of an approach to renovation on a neighborhood or district scale, compared with the traditional approach at the single building scale? What role should the different stakeholders take on in both situations?
- 31.
- What examples are there in Portugal (and other countries) that might be relevant to the boosting of the renovation of residential buildings?
- 32.
- Can you recommend another entity or person to interview with respect to this matter?
Appendix B. Structure of the Market Consultation Survey
- 1.
- Age
- 18–24
- 25–39
- 40–59
- 60–70
- >70
- Does not answer
- 2.
- Education level
- 4-years
- 9-years
- 12-years
- Bachelor’s
- Master’s
- Ph.D.
- Does not answer
- Other
- 3.
- Do you work in the energy, construction, or housing sector?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 4.
- Municipality
- 5.
- Year of construction of the building
- before 1919
- 1919–1945
- 1946–1960
- 1961–1980
- 1981–1990
- 1991–2004
- 2005–2015
- after 2015
- Does not answer
- 6.
- Building typology
- Single-family house (isolated)
- Single-family house (in band/geminated)
- Apartment in a multi-family building with 2 floors or less
- Apartment in a multi-family building with 3 or 4 floors
- Apartment in a multi-family building with 5 floors or more
- Does not answer
- Other
- 7.
- Do you own or rent your dwelling?
- Owner
- Family member of the owner (no rent or symbolic rent)
- Long-term tenant
- Short-term tenant
- Does not answer
- Other
- 8.
- Are you a landlord?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 8.1.
- If “yes” on question 8, do you worry about the energy performance of the houses you rent?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 8.1.1.
- If “yes” on question 8.1, why do you worry about the energy performance of the houses you rent (select all options that apply)?
- To increase the value of the rent
- To make renting easier
- To reduce energy costs
- To increase thermal and acoustic comfort
- To address worries about sustainability
- To fulfill legal concerns
- Other
- 8.1.2.
- If “no” on question 8.1, why do you not worry about the energy performance of the houses you rent (select all options that apply)?
- It is not possible to improve energy performance of the house
- I do not know if the measures will bring benefits
- I have other priorities
- It is not possible to conduct renovation works
- I do not pay the energy bill
- Other
- 9.
- Have you conducted renovation works in your home with the goal to improve energy performance?
- Yes
- I conducted renovation works but not acted on energy performance
- No
- Does not answer
- 9.1.
- If “yes” on question 9, what drivers led to the renovation works with the goal to improve the energy performance of your house (select all options that apply)?
- I had to renovate the house anyway
- To increase the house’s market value
- To reduce energy costs
- To improve thermal and acoustic comfort
- To improve the environmental sustainability of the house
- To fulfill legal requirements
- To produce my own renewable energy
- Other
- 9.2.
- If the answer on question 9 was “I conducted renovation works but not acted on energy performance”, what were the barriers to improve the energy performance of your house during the renovation works?
- I do not know what measures are appropriate to my house
- It is not possible to improve the energy performance of the house
- I do not know if the measures will bring benefits
- I had other priorities
- I had a limited budget
- I cannot implement measures in my house
- I do not pay the energy bills
- Other
- 10.
- Are you planning to perform renovation works (even if simple) at some point in the next 10 years?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 10.1.
- If “yes” on question 10, are energy efficiency measures and renewable energy systems among your priorities for renovation works?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 10.1.1.
- If “yes” on question 10.1, what are the drivers to implement these solutions?
- To increase the house’s market value
- To reduce energy costs
- To improve thermal and acoustic comfort
- To improve the environmental sustainability of the house
- To fulfill legal requirements
- To produce my own renewable energy
- Other
- 10.1.2.
- If “no” on question 10.1, what are the barriers to implementing these solutions?
- I do not know what measures are appropriate to my house
- It is not possible to improve the energy performance of the house
- I do not know if the measures will bring benefits
- I have other priorities
- I have a limited budget
- I cannot implement measures in my house
- Other
- 11.
- Do you know any financing schemes that support the improvement of energy performance in the residential sector?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 11.1.
- If “yes” on question 11, which one?
- 12.
- If a digital platform with all the needed information—such as technical measures, financing schemes and regulations—to improve energy performance was available would you be interested in using it?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 13.
- How would you like to receive information about this platform (select all options that apply)?
- E-mail
- Social networks (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIN)
- Written press
- Radio
- Television
- With your energy bill
- 14.
- What would be the preferential way of using the platform?
- Computer
- Tablet
- Smartphone
- 15.
- Do you consider the visual aspects of the Green Menu (3D model, animations, and pictures) attractive when compared with other platforms?
- Yes, but I do not know others
- Yes, even when compared with others
- No
- Does not answer
- 15.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 16.
- The Green Menu combines in the same platform technical information, financing, and regulations. Do you think that this is a useful feature that can facilitate the process of renovation your dwelling?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 16.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 17.
- Is the information on the technical measures well organized, clear, and accessible?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 17.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 18.
- Is the information on the financing schemes well organized, clear, and accessible?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 18.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 19.
- Do you consider useful for the financing schemes to be directly linked to the corresponding technical measures?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 19.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 20.
- Is the information on the regulations and licensing processes well organized, clear, and accessible?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 20.1.
- Do you consider useful for the regulations and licensing processes to be directly linked to the corresponding technical measures?
- Yes
- No
- Does not answer
- 20.2.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
- 21.
- The Green Menu already includes a short list of key stakeholders to contact to perform energy renovation of the house. Do you consider this information useful?
- Yes
- Yes, but more information is needed
- No
- Does not answer
- 21.1.
- Can you suggest any improvements?
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Topic | Key Insights |
---|---|
Portuguese building stock |
|
Renovation market evolution |
|
Technical measures |
|
Policies and regulations |
|
Financing instruments |
|
Citizen engagement |
|
Theme | Category | Number of Measures |
---|---|---|
Orientation: Quick wins | Energy use | 12 |
Water use | 4 | |
Orientation: Insulation and ventilation | Seams and gaps | 6 |
Roof insulation | 6 * | |
Floor insulation | 5 | |
Wall insulation | 8 * | |
Windows | 9 | |
Ventilation | 5 | |
Orientation: Electricity generation and end-use appliances | Electricity generation | 10 * |
Monitoring, storage, and electric vehicle charging | 4 | |
Lighting | 5 * | |
Cooking | 4 | |
Other electrical equipment | 6 * | |
Orientation: Climatization and water heating | Space heating | 9 * |
Heat distribution | 8 | |
Water heating | 13 * | |
Space cooling | 6 * | |
Orientation: Water and greenery | Green roofs and façades | 3 |
Water use | 7 | |
Advise | - | - |
Financing | - | 12 financing schemes |
Implementation | - | - |
Inspiration/News | - | - |
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Sequeira, M.M.; Gouveia, J.P. A Sequential Multi-Staged Approach for Developing Digital One-Stop Shops to Support Energy Renovations of Residential Buildings. Energies 2022, 15, 5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155389
Sequeira MM, Gouveia JP. A Sequential Multi-Staged Approach for Developing Digital One-Stop Shops to Support Energy Renovations of Residential Buildings. Energies. 2022; 15(15):5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155389
Chicago/Turabian StyleSequeira, Miguel Macias, and João Pedro Gouveia. 2022. "A Sequential Multi-Staged Approach for Developing Digital One-Stop Shops to Support Energy Renovations of Residential Buildings" Energies 15, no. 15: 5389. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155389