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10.3390/en14227548
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Review

Rockburst Precursors and the Dynamic Failure Mechanism of the Deep Tunnel: A Review

by
Yulong Chen
1,2,
Junwen Zhang
2,
Jiahao Zhang
2,
Bin Xu
2,
Luji Zhang
2 and
Wenxin Li
3,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2
School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
3
Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2021, 14(22), 7548; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227548
Submission received: 21 October 2021 / Revised: 7 November 2021 / Accepted: 10 November 2021 / Published: 12 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rock Burst Disasters in Coal Mines)
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Abstract

With the rapid development of underground caverns in the fields of hydraulic engineering, mining, railway and highway, the frequency, and intensity of rockburst and dynamic instability have gradually increased, which has become a bottleneck restricting the safe construction of deep caverns. This paper presents a review of the current understanding of rockburst precursors and the dynamic failure mechanism of the deep tunnel. Emphasis is placed on the stability of the surrounding rock of the deep tunnel, the rockburst prediction method, and the dynamic failure characteristics of the surrounding rock of the deep tunnel. Throughout the presentation, the current overall gaps in understanding rockburst precursors and the dynamic failure mechanism of deep tunnels are identified in an attempt to stimulate further research in these promising directions by the research community.
Keywords: rockburst; stability; deep tunnel; dynamic failure rockburst; stability; deep tunnel; dynamic failure

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J.; Xu, B.; Zhang, L.; Li, W. Rockburst Precursors and the Dynamic Failure Mechanism of the Deep Tunnel: A Review. Energies 2021, 14, 7548. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227548

AMA Style

Chen Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xu B, Zhang L, Li W. Rockburst Precursors and the Dynamic Failure Mechanism of the Deep Tunnel: A Review. Energies. 2021; 14(22):7548. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227548

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Yulong, Junwen Zhang, Jiahao Zhang, Bin Xu, Luji Zhang, and Wenxin Li. 2021. "Rockburst Precursors and the Dynamic Failure Mechanism of the Deep Tunnel: A Review" Energies 14, no. 22: 7548. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227548

APA Style

Chen, Y., Zhang, J., Zhang, J., Xu, B., Zhang, L., & Li, W. (2021). Rockburst Precursors and the Dynamic Failure Mechanism of the Deep Tunnel: A Review. Energies, 14(22), 7548. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227548

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