Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm-Based Control of 3-Phase 4-Wire Grid-Tied PV-Hybrid Energy Storage System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- The GNDO algorithm is utilized for the optimal gain tuning of the PI controller to secure the during various induced dynamic conditions in the system and generate the accurate loss component of current for enhanced VSC performance.
- MRFKMP-based adaptive control of VSC is employed, that accurately extracts the fundamental load current component, delivers a better convergence rate with less computational complexity and performs better than other adaptive controls during both steady-state and dynamic state operations.
2. System Description
3. System Controlling Strategies
3.1. Optimization-Based Control
3.2. VSC Control
3.3. Seamless Control
3.4. HESS Control
4. Results and Discussions
4.1. Steady-State Analysis
4.2. Irradiation Variation Analysis
4.3. Unbalanced Grid Voltage Analysis
4.4. Abnormal Grid Voltage Analysis
4.5. Specified Power Mode Analysis
4.6. Unbalanced Load Analysis
4.7. Internal Signal Analysis
4.8. Islanding and Re-Synchronization Analysis
4.9. Optimized DC Bus Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Quantity | MCC | AKWMCC | MRFKMP |
---|---|---|---|
vSa | 0.56% | 0.60% | 0.62% |
iSa iLa | 1.48% 39.61% | 1.34% 39.61% | 1.30% 39.61% |
Parameters | LMS | LMF | MCC | AKWMCC | MRFKMP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Steady-state error | 1.428% | 1.257% | 0.857% | 0.5% | 0.114% |
Convergence Speed Computational Burden | 13.5 ms Less | 17.7 ms Less | 16.5 ms Moderate | 23 ms Moderate | 32 ms High |
Dynamic State Transients (Abnormal Grid Voltage) | 4.117% | 3.957% | 2.362% | 1.785% | 0.928% |
Dynamic State Transients (Irradiation change) | 4.1% | 3.857% | 2.184% | 1.428% | 0.714% |
Dynamic State Transients (Unbalanced Load) | 1.814% | 1.643% | 0.727% | 0.585% | 0.257% |
Dynamic State Transients (Abnormal Grid Voltage) | 4.285% | 3.741% | 1.071% | 0.857% | 0.285% |
Seamless transition of VSC control duration | 4 cycles | 4 cycles | 3 cycles | 2 cycles | 2 cycles |
Optimization Technique | ||
---|---|---|
Initial gains | 1 | 0 |
GA tuned PI gains GA with pattern search tuned PI gains | 0.68274 0.184228 | 0.26343 0.066836 |
GNDO tuned PI gains | 0.162588 | 0.144438 |
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Chankaya, M.; Hussain, I.; Ahmad, A.; Malik, H.; García Márquez, F.P. Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm-Based Control of 3-Phase 4-Wire Grid-Tied PV-Hybrid Energy Storage System. Energies 2021, 14, 4355. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144355
Chankaya M, Hussain I, Ahmad A, Malik H, García Márquez FP. Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm-Based Control of 3-Phase 4-Wire Grid-Tied PV-Hybrid Energy Storage System. Energies. 2021; 14(14):4355. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144355
Chicago/Turabian StyleChankaya, Mukul, Ikhlaq Hussain, Aijaz Ahmad, Hasmat Malik, and Fausto Pedro García Márquez. 2021. "Generalized Normal Distribution Algorithm-Based Control of 3-Phase 4-Wire Grid-Tied PV-Hybrid Energy Storage System" Energies 14, no. 14: 4355. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144355