A Study of Cloth Seal Leakage Performance Based on Geometry and Pressure Load
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Test Setup
3. Experimental Design
- Identification of the parameters affecting the leakage performance
- Selection of the method for screening experiments
- Establishing an experimental design for screening experiments
- Pareto chart and identification of strong parameters
- Comparison test results with the data existing in the literature
- Establishing experimental design for main experiments
- Pareto chart and a closed-form equation for strong parameters
3.1. Screening Experiments
3.2. Main Experiments
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Screening Experiment Results
4.2. Main and Confirmation Experiment Results
5. Conclusions
5.1. Screening Experiments
5.2. Main and Confirmation Experiments
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Uncertainty Analysis
References
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No | Parameter Name | Abbreviation | No | Parameter Name | Abbreviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Slot depth | SD | 10 | Cloth material | CM |
2 | Cloth width | CW | 11 | Cloth weave thickness | CWT |
3 | Gap | GP | 12 | Dia. of warp fiber | DW |
4 | Shim thickness | ST | 13 | Dia. of shute fiber | DS |
5 | Surface roughness | SR | 14 | Weave type | WT |
6 | Pressure drop | PD | 15 | Weave density | WD |
7 | Offset | OF | 16 | Spot weld dia. | SW |
8 | Mismatch | MI | 17 | Slot height | SH |
9 | Shim material | SM | 18 | Temperature | TE |
No | Parameter Name | Unit | Abbreviation | Level |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Slot depth | mm | SD | 32–36 |
2 | Cloth width | mm | CW | 22–26 |
3 | Gap | mm | GP | 4–8 |
4 | Shim thickness | mm | ST | 0.254–0.508 |
5 | Surface roughness | µm | SR | 0.8–6.4 |
6 | Pressure drop | kPad | PD | 206.8–482.6 |
7 | Offset | mm | OF | 0–0.2 |
8 | Mismatch | ° | MI | 0–0.6 |
Exp. No. | SD (mm) | CW (mm) | GP (mm) | ST (mm) | SR (µm) | PD (kPad) | OF (mm) | MI (°) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 32 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 0.8 | 206.8 | 0 | 0 |
2 | 36 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 0.8 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
3 | 32 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
4 | 36 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 32 | 22 | 8 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 |
6 | 36 | 22 | 8 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0 | 0.6 |
7 | 32 | 26 | 8 | 0.254 | 0.8 | 482.6 | 0 | 0.6 |
8 | 36 | 26 | 8 | 0.254 | 0.8 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0 |
9 | 32 | 22 | 4 | 0.508 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0 | 0.6 |
10 | 36 | 22 | 4 | 0.508 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0 |
11 | 32 | 26 | 4 | 0.508 | 0.8 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 |
12 | 36 | 26 | 4 | 0.508 | 0.8 | 206.8 | 0 | 0.6 |
13 | 32 | 22 | 8 | 0.508 | 0.8 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
14 | 36 | 22 | 8 | 0.508 | 0.8 | 482.6 | 0 | 0 |
15 | 32 | 26 | 8 | 0.508 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0 | 0 |
16 | 36 | 26 | 8 | 0.508 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0.6 |
No | Parameter Name | Unit | Abbreviation | Level |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Slot depth | mm | SD | 32–34–36 |
2 | Cloth width | mm | CW | 22–24–26 |
3 | Gap | mm | GP | 4 |
4 | Shim thickness | mm | ST | 0.254 |
5 | Surface roughness | µm | SR | 6.4 |
6 | Pressure drop | kPad | PD | 206.8–344.7–482.6 |
7 | Offset | mm | OF | 0–0.1–0.2 |
8 | Mismatch | ° | MI | 0 |
Exp. No. | SD (mm) | CW (mm) | GP (mm) | ST (mm) | SR (µm) | PD (kPad) | OF (mm) | MI (°) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 32 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
2 | 32 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
3 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0 | 0 |
4 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.2 | 0 |
5 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 |
6 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 |
7 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0 | 0 |
8 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0 | 0 |
9 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0 |
10 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 |
11 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 |
12 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 |
13 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 |
14 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 |
15 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0 | 0 |
16 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0 | 0 |
17 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.2 | 0 |
18 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.2 | 0 |
19 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
20 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
21 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
22 | 36 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
23 | 36 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 |
24 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0 | 0 |
25 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.2 | 0 |
26 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 |
27 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 |
Case | Outlier No(s) (from Main Experiments) | Max Error % (Main Experiments) | Max Error % (Confirmation Experiments) |
---|---|---|---|
Without Outlier | - | 53 | 53 |
One Outlier Excluded | 3 | 56 | 38 |
6 | 55 | 49 | |
17 | 45 | 41 | |
20 | 53 | 53 | |
Two Outliers Excluded | 3, 6 | 58 | 26 |
3, 17 | 33 | 40 | |
3, 20 | 43 | 50 | |
6, 17 | 35 | 29 | |
6, 20 | 30 | 37 | |
17, 20 | 47 | 43 | |
Three Outliers Excluded | 3, 6, 17 | 35 | 33 |
3, 6, 20 | 39 | 44 | |
3, 17, 20 | 36 | 38 | |
6, 17, 20 | 39 | 33 | |
Four Outliers Excluded | 3, 6, 17, 20 | 20 | 20 |
Exp. No. | SD (mm) | CW (mm) | GP (mm) | ST (mm) | SR (µm) | PD (kPad) | OF (mm) | MI (°) | Norm. Leak. (Eq.) | Norm. Leak. (Exp.) | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 32 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.3869 | 0.3306 | 15% |
2 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.4155 | 0.3339 | 20% |
3 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.7139 | 0.6651 | 7% |
4 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 1.0388 | 1.1325 | 9% |
5 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.4042 | 0.4850 | 20% |
6 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.6588 | 0.5273 | 20% |
7 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.6481 | 0.6007 | 7% |
8 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 206.8 | 0 | 0 | 1.1235 | 1.0195 | 9% |
Exp. No. | SD (mm) | CW (mm) | GP (mm) | ST (mm) | SR (µm) | PD (kPad) | OF (mm) | MI (°) | Norm. Leak. (Eq.) | Norm. Leak. (Exp.) | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 32 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 | 1.0464 | 1.0196 | 3% |
2 | 32 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.6285 | 0.6654 | 6% |
3 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 344.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.4863 | 0.5188 | 7% |
4 | 34 | 26 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0 | 0 | 1.0652 | 0.9064 | 15% |
5 | 34 | 22 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 1.0389 | 0.9112 | 12% |
6 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.1 | 0 | 1.0147 | 0.9193 | 9% |
7 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0 | 0 | 1.6437 | 1.7629 | 7% |
8 | 36 | 24 | 4 | 0.254 | 6.4 | 482.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.6748 | 0.7511 | 11% |
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Gorgun, E.; Aksit, M.F.; Dogu, Y. A Study of Cloth Seal Leakage Performance Based on Geometry and Pressure Load. Energies 2020, 13, 5884. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13225884
Gorgun E, Aksit MF, Dogu Y. A Study of Cloth Seal Leakage Performance Based on Geometry and Pressure Load. Energies. 2020; 13(22):5884. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13225884
Chicago/Turabian StyleGorgun, Erdem, Mahmut Faruk Aksit, and Yahya Dogu. 2020. "A Study of Cloth Seal Leakage Performance Based on Geometry and Pressure Load" Energies 13, no. 22: 5884. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13225884