A Model Predictive Control-Based Power Converter System for Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Electrical Grid and Grid Codes in Australia-King Island
- The power plant should be able to control its active power output according to the limits set by TSO to maintain system security and reliability.
- The power factor is required to be maintained as PFind equal to1.0 and PFcap equal to 0.95 at both 100% and 50% power.
- The frequency should be maintained between 47 Hz and 52 Hz.
- The operating voltage should be kept at ±10% of the rated voltage at the point of connection (POC).
- The voltage quality standards such as rapid voltage changes, harmonic voltages, voltage variations and flicker should comply with the standards of IEC 61000-3-2 and IEEE1547.
3. Overall System Modelling
3.1. OWC Air Turbine Model
3.2. PMSG and Grid Model
3.3. Li-Ion Battery Storage Model
4. MPC for the Power Conversion System
4.1. Active Front End Rectifier (AFE Rectifier) Model
4.2. FCS-MPC for AFE Rectifier
4.3. Two-Level Voltage Source Inverter (2L-VSI) Model
4.4. FCS-MPC for 2L-VSI
5. Simulation Results and Discussion
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Switching States | Voltage Space Vector | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sa | Sb | Sc | |
0 | 0 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | |
1 | 1 | 0 | |
0 | 1 | 0 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | |
1 | 0 | 1 | |
1 | 1 | 1 |
PMSG | Generator Side Filter | ||
---|---|---|---|
Rated Power | 2 MW | Inductance | 0.5 mH |
Rated rotate speed | 650 rpm | Resistance | 0.01 Ω |
Rated Voltage | 690 VAC | dc-link | |
Rated current | 1673.5 A | Capacitance (Cdc) | 470 mF |
Number of pole pairs | 6 | dc-link voltage | ~1000 V |
Resistance (Rs) | 0.0024 Ω | Grid side Filter | |
Inductances (Ld = Lq) | 0.355 mH | Inductance | 1 mH |
Magnetic flux () | 0.666 Wb | Resistance | 0.1 Ω |
Li-ion battery storage | Grid | ||
Nominal voltage/Fully charged voltage | 1000 V/1050 V | - | - |
Rated capacity @ nominal voltage | 150 Ah (75 Ah × 2) | Voltage | 690 Vrms |
Rated current @ nominal voltage | 900 A (450 A × 2) | Frequency | 50 Hz |
Initial state of charge in % | 65% | Other | |
Reference Values | Sample time | 10−5 s | |
Active Power | 270 kW | Simulator run-time | 20 s |
Reactive Power | 0 | Total Inertia (J) | 0.25 kgm2 |
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Rajapakse, G.; Jayasinghe, S.; Fleming, A.; Negnevitsky, M. A Model Predictive Control-Based Power Converter System for Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters. Energies 2017, 10, 1631. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101631
Rajapakse G, Jayasinghe S, Fleming A, Negnevitsky M. A Model Predictive Control-Based Power Converter System for Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters. Energies. 2017; 10(10):1631. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101631
Chicago/Turabian StyleRajapakse, Gimara, Shantha Jayasinghe, Alan Fleming, and Michael Negnevitsky. 2017. "A Model Predictive Control-Based Power Converter System for Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters" Energies 10, no. 10: 1631. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10101631