Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition in Pediatric Brain Tumour Survivors and Typically Developing Children Following COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Child Measures
2.3.1. A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment—Second Edition (NEPSY-II)
2.3.2. Reading the Mind in the Eye Test (RMET)
2.3.3. COVID-19 Questionnaire on Social Interactions and Mask Exposure
2.4. Parent Measures
2.4.1. Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL)
2.4.2. Socio-Demographic Form and Medical Information
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Preliminary Analyses (See Table 1 for Sample Characteristics)
Examination of Potential Group Differences and PBTS Associations with Medical Variables
3.2. Primary (Main) Analyses
3.2.1. Aim 1: Comparison of PBTSs and TD on Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition
3.2.2. Aims 2 and 3: Associations of Affect Recognition with Social Adjustment and Mask Exposure
3.3. Secondary (Incidental) Findings
3.3.1. Full versus Partial Affect Recognition
3.3.2. Pre-Pandemic Reference Norms versus Study Pandemic Sample
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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PBTS (n = 23) | TD (n = 24) | |
---|---|---|
n (%) | ||
Race | ||
White | 21 (91.3) | 13 (54.2) |
Latino/Hispanic | 1 (4.3) | |
Black | 2 (8.3) | |
Middle Eastern | 4 (16.7) | |
North African | 1 (4.3) | 3 (12.5) |
Multiracial | 2 (8.3) | |
Parent marital status | ||
Common-law | 7 (30.4) | 9 (37.5) |
Married | 10 (43.5) | 15 (62.5) |
Divorced or separated | 5 (21.7) | |
Widowed | 1 (4.3) | |
Parent completed education | ||
High School Diploma | 5 (21.7) | |
Diploma of Vocational Studies | 1 (4.3) | |
College diploma | 4 (17.4) | 3 (12.5) |
Bachelor’s degree | 11 (47.8) | 10 (41.7) |
Master’s degree | 2 (8.7) | 11 (45.8) |
Parent main occupation | ||
Full-time work | 18 (78.3) | 16 (66.7) |
Part-time work | 3 (13.0) | 2 (8.3) |
Unemployed/Looking for work | 1 (4.3) | 2 (8.3) |
Student | 1 (4.3) | 3 (12.5) |
Self-employed | 1 (4.2) | |
Tumour type | ||
Medulloblastoma | 8 (34.8) | |
Ependymoma | 4 (17.4) | |
Craniopharyngioma | 4 (17.4) | |
Pilocytic astrocytoma | 5 (21.7) | |
Other | 2 (8.7) | |
Tumour Treatment | ||
Chemotherapy only | 2 (8.7) | |
Radiation only | 1 (4.3) | |
Surgery only | 6 (26.1) | |
Chemotherapy and radiation | 1 (4.3) | |
Chemotherapy and surgery | 2 (8.7) | |
Radiotherapy and surgery | 4 (17.4) | |
Chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery | 7 (30.4) |
PBTS (n = 23) | TD (n = 24) | Independent Samples T-Test | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M ± SD | Range | M ± SD | Range | ||
NEPSY-II, Affect Recognition Subtest | 7.57 ± 3.63 | 1–13 | 8.92 ± 3.34 | 2–16 | t(45) = 1.33, p = 0.19, d = 0.39, 95% CI [−0.69, 3.40] |
RMET | 19.39 ± 4.08 | 10–24 | 20.96 ± 2.63. | 17–27 | t(37.36) = 1.56, p = 0.13, d = 0.46, 95% CI [−0.47, 3.60] |
CBCL, Social Problems Subscale | 58.87 ± 7.64 | 50–72 | 54.33 ± 5.43 | 50–66 | |
CBCL, Withdrawn Subscale | 58.52 ± 9.92 | 50–85 | 55.38 ± 7.47 | 50–78 |
CBCL, Social Problems | CBCL, Withdrawn | Total Mask Exposure | Adult Mask Exposure | Peer Mask Exposure | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NEPSY-II, Affect Recognition Subtest | r = −0.12, p = 0.43 | r = −0.03, p = 0.83 | r = 0.22, p = 0.14 | r = 0.23, p = 0.12 | r = 0.16, p = 0.29 |
RMET | r= −0.21, p = 0.15 | r= −0.23, p = 0.12 | r= 0.17, p = 0.27 | r = 0.25, p = 0.09 | r = 0.04, p = 0.77 |
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Buron, L.; Perreault, S.; Sultan, S.; Bonanno, M.; Coltin, H.; Laverdière, C.; Rondeau, É.; Desjardins, L. Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition in Pediatric Brain Tumour Survivors and Typically Developing Children Following COVID-19 Pandemic. Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31, 4546-4558. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31080339
Buron L, Perreault S, Sultan S, Bonanno M, Coltin H, Laverdière C, Rondeau É, Desjardins L. Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition in Pediatric Brain Tumour Survivors and Typically Developing Children Following COVID-19 Pandemic. Current Oncology. 2024; 31(8):4546-4558. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31080339
Chicago/Turabian StyleBuron, Laurianne, Sébastien Perreault, Serge Sultan, Marco Bonanno, Hallie Coltin, Caroline Laverdière, Émélie Rondeau, and Leandra Desjardins. 2024. "Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition in Pediatric Brain Tumour Survivors and Typically Developing Children Following COVID-19 Pandemic" Current Oncology 31, no. 8: 4546-4558. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31080339
APA StyleBuron, L., Perreault, S., Sultan, S., Bonanno, M., Coltin, H., Laverdière, C., Rondeau, É., & Desjardins, L. (2024). Full and Partial Facial Affect Recognition in Pediatric Brain Tumour Survivors and Typically Developing Children Following COVID-19 Pandemic. Current Oncology, 31(8), 4546-4558. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31080339