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Volume 28
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Systematic Review

Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radio-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review of Oncologic, Histopathologic and Functional Outcomes and Predictors of Good Response

by
Bernhard Grubmüller
1,
Victoria Jahrreiss
1,
Stephan Brönimann
1,
Fahad Quhal
1,2,
Keiichiro Mori
1,3,
Axel Heidenreich
4,
Alberto Briganti
5,
Derya Tilki
6 and
Shahrokh F. Shariat
1,7,8,9,10,11,12,*
1
Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
2
Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam 32253, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
4
Department of Urology, University Hospital Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany
5
Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
6
Department of Urology, University Hospital-Hamburg Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
7
Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
8
Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
9
Department of Urology and Division of Medical Oncology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
10
Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
11
Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
12
Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
 
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Curr. Oncol. 2021, 28(4), 2881-2892; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040252
Submission received: 19 July 2021 / Accepted: 26 July 2021 / Published: 29 July 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection New Insights into Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Abstract

A valid treatment option for recurrence after definite radiotherapy (RT) for localized prostate cancer (PC) is salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP). However, data on SRP are scarce, possibly resulting in an underutilization. A systematic review was performed using MEDLINE (Pubmed), Embase, and Web of Science databases including studies published between January 1980 and April 2020. Overall, 23 English language articles including a total number of 2323 patients were selected according to PRISMA criteria. The overall median follow-up was 37.5 months (IQR 35.5–52.5). Biochemical-recurrence (BCR)-free probability ranged from 34% to 83% at five years, respectively, and from 31% to 37% at 10 years. Cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) ranged from 88.7% to 98% and 64% to 95% at five years and from 72% to 83% and 65% to 72% at 10 years, respectively. Positive surgical margins ranged from 14% to 45.8% and pathologic organ-confined disease was reported from 20% to 57%. The rate of pathologic > T2-disease ranged from 37% to 80% and pN1 disease differed between 0% to 78.4%. Pre-SRP PSA, pre-SRP Gleason Score (GS), pathologic stage after SRP, and pathologic lymph node involvement seemed to be the strongest prognostic factors for good outcomes. SRP provides accurate histopathological and functional outcomes, as well as durable cancer control. Careful patient counseling in a shared decision-making process is recommended.
Keywords: prostate cancer; salvage radical prostatectomy; primary radiotherapy; recurrence prostate cancer; salvage radical prostatectomy; primary radiotherapy; recurrence

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MDPI and ACS Style

Grubmüller, B.; Jahrreiss, V.; Brönimann, S.; Quhal, F.; Mori, K.; Heidenreich, A.; Briganti, A.; Tilki, D.; Shariat, S.F. Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radio-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review of Oncologic, Histopathologic and Functional Outcomes and Predictors of Good Response. Curr. Oncol. 2021, 28, 2881-2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040252

AMA Style

Grubmüller B, Jahrreiss V, Brönimann S, Quhal F, Mori K, Heidenreich A, Briganti A, Tilki D, Shariat SF. Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radio-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review of Oncologic, Histopathologic and Functional Outcomes and Predictors of Good Response. Current Oncology. 2021; 28(4):2881-2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040252

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grubmüller, Bernhard, Victoria Jahrreiss, Stephan Brönimann, Fahad Quhal, Keiichiro Mori, Axel Heidenreich, Alberto Briganti, Derya Tilki, and Shahrokh F. Shariat. 2021. "Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radio-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review of Oncologic, Histopathologic and Functional Outcomes and Predictors of Good Response" Current Oncology 28, no. 4: 2881-2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040252

APA Style

Grubmüller, B., Jahrreiss, V., Brönimann, S., Quhal, F., Mori, K., Heidenreich, A., Briganti, A., Tilki, D., & Shariat, S. F. (2021). Salvage Radical Prostatectomy for Radio-Recurrent Prostate Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review of Oncologic, Histopathologic and Functional Outcomes and Predictors of Good Response. Current Oncology, 28(4), 2881-2892. https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol28040252

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