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Article

A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population

by
Ángel Denche-Zamorano
1,
María Mendoza-Muñoz
2,3,*,
Jorge Carlos-Vivas
4,*,
Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
5,
Jorge Rojo-Ramos
5,
Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
4,
Frano Giakoni-Ramírez
6,
Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
7 and
Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
5
1
Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
2
Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
3
Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
4
Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
5
Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
6
Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile
7
Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(9), 5656; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095656
Submission received: 30 March 2022 / Revised: 29 April 2022 / Accepted: 4 May 2022 / Published: 6 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2nd Edition of Physical Activity for Health)
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Abstract

One-third of the Spanish population over 15 years of age did not achieve a reasonable amount of physical activity (PA) before the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to analyse the associations between the PA level (PAL) and self-perceived health (SPH) in the Spanish population aged 15–69 years during the pre-pandemic period. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (ENSE 2017) data, with 17,777 participants. We carried out a descriptive analysis, analysed intergroup differences with non-parametric statistical tests, and calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR) of having a negative SPH according to PAL. In addition, correlations between PAL and SPH were studied, finding associations between them (p < 0.001). Thus, performing moderate and intense PA was related to better SPH than just walking or inactive. Weak and moderate correlations were found between PAL and SPH (p < 0.001). We also found high ORs and RRs of negative SPH as PAL decreased. Moderate and intense PA were related to positive SPH, while the risk of negative perception in inactive people was higher.
Keywords: physical activity; sedentary behaviour; health; self-perceived health; health surveys physical activity; sedentary behaviour; health; self-perceived health; health surveys

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MDPI and ACS Style

Denche-Zamorano, Á.; Mendoza-Muñoz, M.; Carlos-Vivas, J.; Muñoz-Bermejo, L.; Rojo-Ramos, J.; Pastor-Cisneros, R.; Giakoni-Ramírez, F.; Godoy-Cumillaf, A.; Barrios-Fernandez, S. A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 5656. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095656

AMA Style

Denche-Zamorano Á, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Carlos-Vivas J, Muñoz-Bermejo L, Rojo-Ramos J, Pastor-Cisneros R, Giakoni-Ramírez F, Godoy-Cumillaf A, Barrios-Fernandez S. A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(9):5656. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095656

Chicago/Turabian Style

Denche-Zamorano, Ángel, María Mendoza-Muñoz, Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Laura Muñoz-Bermejo, Jorge Rojo-Ramos, Raquel Pastor-Cisneros, Frano Giakoni-Ramírez, Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf, and Sabina Barrios-Fernandez. 2022. "A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9: 5656. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095656

APA Style

Denche-Zamorano, Á., Mendoza-Muñoz, M., Carlos-Vivas, J., Muñoz-Bermejo, L., Rojo-Ramos, J., Pastor-Cisneros, R., Giakoni-Ramírez, F., Godoy-Cumillaf, A., & Barrios-Fernandez, S. (2022). A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 5656. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095656

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