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Volume 19
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Article

Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Ni Ning
1,†,
Jingfei Tang
1,†,
Yizhou Huang
2,
Xiangmin Tan
1,
Qian Lin
3 and
Mei Sun
1,*
1
Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
2
College of Engineering and Design, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
3
Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 15412; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215412
Submission received: 8 October 2022 / Revised: 28 October 2022 / Accepted: 19 November 2022 / Published: 21 November 2022
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Abstract

China’s three-child policy was implemented in May 2021 to stimulate a rise in fertility levels. However, few previous studies have explored fertility intentions to have a third child and have only focused on childless or one-child populations, resulting in a gap in findings between fertility intention and fertility behavior. Thus, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study on 1308 participants with two children. Results showed that only 9.6% of participants reported planning to have a third child and 80.2% of the population had heard of the policy but had no idea of the detailed contents. Participants with two daughters (OR = 3.722, 95% CI = 2.304–6.013) were willing to have one more child. Instrumental values (OR = 1.184, 95% CI = 1.108–1.265) and policy support (OR = 1.190, 95% CI = 1.124–1.259) were the facilitators. Perceived risk (OR = 0.883, 95% CI = 0.839–0.930) and higher educational level (OR = 0.693, 95% CI = 0.533–0.900) were the leading barriers to having one more child. Therefore, the government should deepen parents’ understanding of the “three-child policy” and devise ways of reducing the negative impacts of having a third child to boost the intention to have more children. Our proposed approach can also be used to better understand the reasons for low fertility rates in other countries.
Keywords: fertility intention; third child; family policy; cross-sectional study fertility intention; third child; family policy; cross-sectional study

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ning, N.; Tang, J.; Huang, Y.; Tan, X.; Lin, Q.; Sun, M. Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 15412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215412

AMA Style

Ning N, Tang J, Huang Y, Tan X, Lin Q, Sun M. Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(22):15412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215412

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ning, Ni, Jingfei Tang, Yizhou Huang, Xiangmin Tan, Qian Lin, and Mei Sun. 2022. "Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22: 15412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215412

APA Style

Ning, N., Tang, J., Huang, Y., Tan, X., Lin, Q., & Sun, M. (2022). Fertility Intention to Have a Third Child in China following the Three-Child Policy: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), 15412. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215412

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