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Volume 19
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Article

Positive Childhood Experiences Associate with Adult Flourishing Amidst Adversity: A Cross Sectional Survey Study with a National Sample of Young Adults

by
Zhiyuan Yu
1,
Lin Wang
2,*,
Wenyi Chen
1,
Juan Zhang
3 and
Amie F. Bettencourt
4
1
School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
2
School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
3
International Peace Maternity and Children Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Departments of Nursing, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
4
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14956; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214956
Submission received: 27 September 2022 / Revised: 2 November 2022 / Accepted: 5 November 2022 / Published: 13 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and the Life-Course Health Consequences)
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of PCEs among young adults in Mainland China and the extent to which the cumulative number of PCEs moderates the associations between ACEs and flourishing in adulthood. Between August and November 2020, we used convenience and snowball sampling to recruit 9468 young adults, ages 18–35, enrolled in undergraduate or graduate programs at universities in Mainland China to participate in a survey, which included measures on flourishing, exposure to ACEs and PCEs, and demographic characteristics. Approximately 92% of participants reported experiencing seven to nine PCEs, with harmonious family relationships (96.9%), feeling supported by friends (96.8%) and being treated fairly at school (96.3%) being the most common PCEs reported. Results of the multiple regression indicated that the cumulative number of PCEs statistically significantly moderated the relation between the cumulative number of ACEs and flourishing (interaction term b = −0.060 [−0.071, −0.049], p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.183); as the number of ACEs increased up through eight ACEs, decreases in flourishing were smaller among those with higher numbers of PCEs. PCEs are common among young adults from Mainland China and serve a potential buffering effect against exposure to ACEs.
Keywords: adverse childhood experiences; flourishing; positive childhood experiences; surveys; well-being; young adults adverse childhood experiences; flourishing; positive childhood experiences; surveys; well-being; young adults

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yu, Z.; Wang, L.; Chen, W.; Zhang, J.; Bettencourt, A.F. Positive Childhood Experiences Associate with Adult Flourishing Amidst Adversity: A Cross Sectional Survey Study with a National Sample of Young Adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 14956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214956

AMA Style

Yu Z, Wang L, Chen W, Zhang J, Bettencourt AF. Positive Childhood Experiences Associate with Adult Flourishing Amidst Adversity: A Cross Sectional Survey Study with a National Sample of Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(22):14956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214956

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yu, Zhiyuan, Lin Wang, Wenyi Chen, Juan Zhang, and Amie F. Bettencourt. 2022. "Positive Childhood Experiences Associate with Adult Flourishing Amidst Adversity: A Cross Sectional Survey Study with a National Sample of Young Adults" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 22: 14956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214956

APA Style

Yu, Z., Wang, L., Chen, W., Zhang, J., & Bettencourt, A. F. (2022). Positive Childhood Experiences Associate with Adult Flourishing Amidst Adversity: A Cross Sectional Survey Study with a National Sample of Young Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), 14956. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214956

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