Next Article in Journal
Effects of Salicylic Acid on Heavy Metal Resistance in Eukaryotic Algae and Its Mechanisms
Next Article in Special Issue
Altitude and Its Association with Low Birth Weight among Children of 151,873 Peruvian Women: A Pooled Analysis of a Nationally Representative Survey
Previous Article in Journal
Pain in the Cervical and Lumbar Spine as a Result of High G-Force Values in Military Pilots—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
IJERPH
Volume 19
Issue 20
10.3390/ijerph192013414
ijerph-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Non-Linear and Sex-Specific Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI on Emotional and Behavioral Development of Preschool Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study

by
Jingru Lu
1,2,3,4,
Xuemei Hao
1,2,3,4,
Linlin Zhu
1,2,3,4,
Yufan Guo
1,2,3,4,
Xiaoyan Wu
1,2,3,4,
Jiahu Hao
1,2,3,4,
Fangbiao Tao
1,2,3,4 and
Kun Huang
1,2,3,4,5,*
1
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2
Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
3
NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei 230032, China
4
Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Hefei 230032, China
5
Scientific Research Center in Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13414; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013414
Submission received: 28 August 2022 / Revised: 5 October 2022 / Accepted: 14 October 2022 / Published: 17 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reproductive Health: Environmental Exposures and Nutrition)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

(1) Background: The aim was to examine the non-linear and sex-specific outcomes of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on emotional and behavioral development of preschool children; (2) Methods: This study was based on the China-Anhui Birth Cohort (C-ABCS), including 3648 mother–child pairs. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was calculated from the maternal pre-pregnancy height and weight measured at the first antenatal checkup. Main caregivers completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess children’s preschool emotional and behavioral development. A restricted cubic spline model was drawn using Stata version 15.1 to analyze the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and preschoolers’ SDQ scores by sex; (3) Results: Among boys, maternal pre-pregnancy underweight was associated with the increased risk of conduct problems and pro-social behaviors, and pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity related with the increased risk of peer problems. Interestingly, when maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was between 18.50 kg/m2 and 18.67 kg/m2, boys had the increased risk of conduct problems. When pre-pregnancy BMI was between 18.50 kg/m2 and 19.57 kg/m2, boys had the increased risk of pro-social problems. No significant associations were observed; (4) Conclusions: A non-linear effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on emotional and behavioral development has been found in preschool boys. In particular, pre-pregnancy normal weight may still affect boys’ emotional and behavioral development.
Keywords: maternal pre-pregnancy weight; emotional and behavioral development; preschool children; sex difference maternal pre-pregnancy weight; emotional and behavioral development; preschool children; sex difference

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Lu, J.; Hao, X.; Zhu, L.; Guo, Y.; Wu, X.; Hao, J.; Tao, F.; Huang, K. Non-Linear and Sex-Specific Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI on Emotional and Behavioral Development of Preschool Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013414

AMA Style

Lu J, Hao X, Zhu L, Guo Y, Wu X, Hao J, Tao F, Huang K. Non-Linear and Sex-Specific Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI on Emotional and Behavioral Development of Preschool Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013414

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lu, Jingru, Xuemei Hao, Linlin Zhu, Yufan Guo, Xiaoyan Wu, Jiahu Hao, Fangbiao Tao, and Kun Huang. 2022. "Non-Linear and Sex-Specific Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI on Emotional and Behavioral Development of Preschool Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013414

APA Style

Lu, J., Hao, X., Zhu, L., Guo, Y., Wu, X., Hao, J., Tao, F., & Huang, K. (2022). Non-Linear and Sex-Specific Effect of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy BMI on Emotional and Behavioral Development of Preschool Children: A Population-Based Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013414

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop