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Article

Estimate of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens among Migrant Workers in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Iffat Elbarazi
1,
Sonia El-Zaemey
2,
Basema Saddik
3,4,
Balázs Ádám
1,*,
Mohamed El Sadig
1,
Aminu S. Abdullahi
1,
Lin Fritschi
2 and
Mohamud Sheek-Hussein
1
1
Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
2
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
3
Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
4
Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13012; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013012
Submission received: 22 August 2022 / Revised: 3 October 2022 / Accepted: 4 October 2022 / Published: 11 October 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiological Research on Occupational and Environmental Carcinogens)
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Abstract

Occupational illnesses, such as cancer, cause more deaths each year than occupational accidents. Occupational carcinogens include physical, chemical, biological and organizational hazards. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), migrant workers account for 80% of labor. Being sometimes employed as unskilled workers and more willing to work in demanding jobs, their vulnerability and exposure may be increased. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of occupational exposure to workplace carcinogens among migrant workers in the UAE. A sample of employees working in construction, cleaning, dry cleaning, mechanic workshops and hair salons were recruited and interviewed. Using OccIDEAS (an online assessment tool), participants were asked questions about their demographics, work history and regular tasks. Exposure to various carcinogens was estimated using the in-built algorithms of OccIDEAS. A sample of 1778 workers was included. The sample consisted of workers from Bangladesh (19.2%), India (31%), Nepal (4.7%), Pakistan (29.9%) and the Philippines (4.8%), with the rest from other nationalities. Overall, the prevalence of probable exposure was considerable, with the highest among drivers (96%) and the lowest among laundry workers (52%). Moderate to high exposure was found to 20 different carcinogens. Self-rated health among those who were exposed to carcinogens was significantly lower than among those not exposed (AOR = 0.783, 95% CI [0.638–0.961]). Exposure to several different carcinogens is relatively common in the UAE among migrant workers. Further strengthening policies and the implementation of tailored interventions are needed to prevent exposure to occupational carcinogens and, consequently, to combat occupational cancer in the UAE.
Keywords: carcinogenic exposure; prevalence; cross-sectional survey; UAE; OccIDEAS; occupational cancer; self-rated health carcinogenic exposure; prevalence; cross-sectional survey; UAE; OccIDEAS; occupational cancer; self-rated health

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MDPI and ACS Style

Elbarazi, I.; El-Zaemey, S.; Saddik, B.; Ádám, B.; El Sadig, M.; Abdullahi, A.S.; Fritschi, L.; Sheek-Hussein, M. Estimate of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens among Migrant Workers in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013012

AMA Style

Elbarazi I, El-Zaemey S, Saddik B, Ádám B, El Sadig M, Abdullahi AS, Fritschi L, Sheek-Hussein M. Estimate of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens among Migrant Workers in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(20):13012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013012

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elbarazi, Iffat, Sonia El-Zaemey, Basema Saddik, Balázs Ádám, Mohamed El Sadig, Aminu S. Abdullahi, Lin Fritschi, and Mohamud Sheek-Hussein. 2022. "Estimate of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens among Migrant Workers in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20: 13012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013012

APA Style

Elbarazi, I., El-Zaemey, S., Saddik, B., Ádám, B., El Sadig, M., Abdullahi, A. S., Fritschi, L., & Sheek-Hussein, M. (2022). Estimate of Occupational Exposure to Carcinogens among Migrant Workers in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13012. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013012

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