The Effects and Types of Parental Involvement in School-Based Sport and Health Programs Still Represent a Knowledge Gap: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Literature Search
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Data Extraction and Assessment of Methodological Quality
3. Results
3.1. Quality of Reporting
3.2. Target Populations in Children and Adolescents by Age and Social Background
3.3. Methodological Diversity
3.4. Evidence of Effect on Health Behaviour among Children
3.5. Types of Parental Involvement
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Article Number | Author(s) | Date | Topic | Prevention or Intervention Program(s) | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[21] | Barcelona et al. | 2021 | healthy lifestyle | D-SHINES | USA |
[22] | Clarke et al. | 2017 | obesity prevention | - | UK |
[23] | Day et al. | 2019 | healthy lifestyle | Phunky foods | United Kingdom (England) |
[24] | Evans et al. | 2008 | healthy lifestyle | CSHP | United Kingdom (England) |
[25] | Garcia-Dominic et al. | 2010 | diabetes prevention | Bee star | USA |
[26] | Ickes et al. | 2016 | healthy lifestyle | Challenge Club | USA |
[27] | Johnson et al. | 2019 | sport | - | USA |
[28] | Kehm et al. | 2015 | healthy lifestyle | - | USA |
[29] | Kong et al. | 2021 | sport | - | USA |
[30] | Pippi et al. | 2020 | sport | Improving Umbrian kids’ healthy lifestyle | Italy |
[31] | Sormunen et al. | 2013 | health education | PAR project | Finland |
[32] | Van Lippevelde et al. | 2011 | energy balance | ENERGY | Belgium, Norway, Hungary, Spain |
[33] | Verhees et al. | 2020 | healthy lifestyle | Challenge Me | The Netherlands |
[34] | Verjans-Janssen et al. | 2018 | healthy lifestyle | KEIGAFF | The Netherlands |
[35] | Williams & Mummery | 2015 | obesity prevention | CHASE | Australia |
[36] | Wright et al. | 2012 | healthy lifestyle | CSHP | USA |
[37] | Xia et al. | 2020 | sport | - | China |
Authors | Study Design | Tool for Assessment | Risk of Bias | Quality |
---|---|---|---|---|
Garcia-Dominic et al. [25] | RCT | Cochrane ROB2 Tool | Some concerns | Poor |
Wright et al. [36] | RCT | Cochrane ROB2 Tool | Some concerns | Poor |
Pippi et al. [30] | NRCT | Cochrane ROBINS-E | Low | Fair |
Sormunen et al. [31] | NRCT | Cochrane ROBINS-E | Low | Fair |
Verjans-Janssen et al. [34] | NRCT | Cochrane ROBINS-E | Low | Fair |
Barcelona et al. [21] | Noncontrolled trial (pre–post-test) | Cochrane ROBINS-E | Moderate | Poor |
Kehm et al. [28] | Cross-sectional | JBI | Low | Moderate |
Verhees et al. [33] | Cross-sectional | JBI | Low | Moderate |
Williams & Mummery [35] | Cross-sectional | JBI | Low | High |
Xia et al. [37] | Cross-sectional | JBI | Low | High |
Clarke et al. [22] | Interviews | JBI | Low | Moderate |
Day et al. [23] | Interviews | JBI | Low | High |
Ickes et al. [26] | Interviews | JBI | Low | High |
Van Lippevelde et al. [32] | Interviews | JBI | Low | High |
Kong et al. [29] | Pilot-study (Qualitative) | JBI | Low | High |
Johnson et al. [27] | Mixed methods | - | - | - |
Evans et al. [24] | unclear | - | - | - |
Social-Demographic Background | Studies (Article Numbers) |
---|---|
Age | |
Children/elementary school pupils: 6–11 years | [23,24,25,30,31,32] (10–12 years), [36] (8–12 years) |
Adolescence/upper primary or secondary school students: 12–18 years | [27] (interscholastic sports administrators, high school), [28,35,37] |
Children and adolescence | [21,22] (with primary school principals), [26,33] |
Unknown | [29] |
SES | |
Low SES | [25,34,36] |
Middle | [30] |
Mixed | [22,28,31,32,33,37] |
Unknown/not relevant | [21,23,24,26,27] (interscholastic sport administrators), [29,35] |
Race/nationality | |
Western | [30,32] |
Latino | [36] |
Asian | [29] (US immigrants), [37] |
Mixed | [26] (ethnic minority), [28,33] |
other | [25] (Middle America) |
Unknown/not relevant | [21,22,23,27] (interscholastic sport administrators), [31,34,35] |
Methodological Quality | Studies (Article Numbers) |
---|---|
Pilot study | [29] |
Noncontrolled trial (pre–post-test) | [21] |
NRCT | [30,31,34] |
RCT | [25,36] |
Mixed methods | [27] |
Interviews | [22,23,26,32] |
Cross-sectional | [28,33,35,37] |
unclear | [24] |
Type of Outcomes | Outcome Effects of the Intervention or Parental Involvement (Article Numbers) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | None or No Evaluation | Unclear | |
Anthropometric, Physical Performance, Activity | [21,29] (parents examined), [30,37] | [22] (school administrators examined), [23] (school staff involved in the programme examined), [25] (parents examined), [26] (parents examined), [27] (administrators examined), [32] (parents were surveyed), | [33,34,35,36] |
School Nutrition And Physical Activity Policies And Practices | [28] | ||
BMI | [34] | [25] (parents examined) | [36] |
BI | [24] (not measured) | ||
Nutrition | [33] | [22] (school administrators examined), [23] (school staff participating in the programme examined), [25] (parents examined), [26] (parents examined), [32] parents examined | [36] |
Lifestyle, Psychological And Social Well-Being | [29] (parents were examined), [30] | ||
Complex Health-Related Awareness-Raising | [31] (parents examined) |
Types of Parental Involvement/Topic of the Study | Studies (Article Numbers) |
---|---|
Leaflets, newsletters, flyers, home packages | [21] |
Training programmes: handshake, training, discussion, advice, consultation, workshop | [30,34] |
Activities with your child (in or out of school, but organised by the school) | [25,33] |
Involving parents at school decision-making level | [28] |
Multi-component | [23,24,36] |
Measuring the forms and impact of parental involvement and parents’ views | [27,29,32,37] |
Exploring barriers to parental involvement | [22,26] |
Unknown | [35] |
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Kovács, K.; Kovács, K.E.; Bacskai, K.; Békési, Z.; Oláh, Á.J.; Pusztai, G. The Effects and Types of Parental Involvement in School-Based Sport and Health Programs Still Represent a Knowledge Gap: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912859
Kovács K, Kovács KE, Bacskai K, Békési Z, Oláh ÁJ, Pusztai G. The Effects and Types of Parental Involvement in School-Based Sport and Health Programs Still Represent a Knowledge Gap: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912859
Chicago/Turabian StyleKovács, Klára, Karolina Eszter Kovács, Katinka Bacskai, Zsolt Békési, Ádám József Oláh, and Gabriella Pusztai. 2022. "The Effects and Types of Parental Involvement in School-Based Sport and Health Programs Still Represent a Knowledge Gap: A Systematic Review" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912859