Considering the Subjective Well-Being of Israeli Jews during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Messaging Insights from Religiosity and Spirituality as Coping Mechanisms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
Measures
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations and Future Research
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factor Items | Loadings | CR | AVE | M (SD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Subjective Well-Being | 0.93 | 0.63 | ||
Lonely-friendly | 0.757 | 3.73 (1.47) | ||
Empty-full | 0.774 | 3.63 (1.41) | ||
Does not give much chance-brings out the best in me | 0.801 | 3.89 (1.37) | ||
Discouraging-hopeful | 0.845 | 3.70 (1.45) | ||
Disappointing-rewarding | 0.851 | 3.54 (1.35) | ||
Miserable-enjoyable | 0.804 | 3.79 (1.29) | ||
Useless-worthwhile | 0.817 | 3.91 (1.36) | ||
Worried-calm | 0.781 | 3.66 (1.53) | ||
Boring-interesting | 0.722 | 3.63 (1.46) | ||
Spirituality | 0.94 | 0.70 | ||
Without the presence of God, I can still have a sense of harmony or inner peace. | 0.655 | 3.46 (1.71) | ||
Without the presence of God, I can still have the ability for self-healing. | 0.811 | 3.61 (1.73) | ||
Without the presence of God, my innerness or an inner resource still helps me deal with uncertainty in my life. | 0.931 | 3.77 (1.69) | ||
Without the presence of God, even when I feel discouraged, I can still trust that life is good. | 0.910 | 3.50 (1.69) | ||
Without the presence of God, my life still has meaning and purpose. | 0.852 | 3.83 (1.66) | ||
Without the presence of God, I can still experience moments of peace in a devastating event. | 0.824 | 3.04 (1.73) | ||
Without the presence of God, I can still go to a spiritual dimension within myself for guidance. | 0.854 | 3.01 (1.63) | ||
Religiosity | 0.90 | 0.62 | ||
I am very religious. | 0.834 | 2.42 (1.59) | ||
Religious values are more important than material things. | 0.720 | 3.17 (1.68) | ||
If people were more religious, this would be a better world. | 0.838 | 2.62 (1.69) | ||
My religion is very important to me. | 0.794 | 3.69 (1.83) | ||
I pray regularly. | 0.835 | 2.38 (1.66) |
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Muralidharan, S.; Roth-Cohen, O.; LaFerle, C. Considering the Subjective Well-Being of Israeli Jews during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Messaging Insights from Religiosity and Spirituality as Coping Mechanisms. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12010. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912010
Muralidharan S, Roth-Cohen O, LaFerle C. Considering the Subjective Well-Being of Israeli Jews during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Messaging Insights from Religiosity and Spirituality as Coping Mechanisms. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12010. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912010
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuralidharan, Sidharth, Osnat Roth-Cohen, and Carrie LaFerle. 2022. "Considering the Subjective Well-Being of Israeli Jews during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Messaging Insights from Religiosity and Spirituality as Coping Mechanisms" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12010. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912010