Can Blood Flow Restriction Training Benefit Post-Activation Potentiation? A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Sources and Search Strategy
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
- P (Participant): Involved subjects with no known medical conditions or injury.
- I (Intervention): BFR-CAs with clear load.
- C (Comparison): non-BFR-CAs with clear load.
- O (Outcome): Any validated measure of PAP (e.g., lower-limbs explosive performance via vertical jump height, flight time, power, or electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis and hamstrings; upper-limbs explosive performance via the bar velocity, power output of bench press), assessed using PAP indicators at both pre- and post-intervention. There must be a completely negative rest interval between training and PAP test.
- S (Study design): Controlled trials, with RCT given priority.
2.3. Data Extraction
2.4. Methodological Quality Evaluation
3. Results
3.1. The Results of Literature Retrieval
3.2. Methodological Quality
3.3. Characteristics of Studies Included
4. Discussion
4.1. Magnitude of PAP Elicited by BFR-CAs
4.2. Time Characteristics of PAP Elicited by BFR-CAs
4.3. Individual Adaptability for BFR-CAs
4.4. Equipment Tips for BFR-CAs
5. Limitation
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Studies | Criteria | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | Total | |
Wilk et al. [23] (2020) | Yes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
Cleary and Cook [29] (2020) | Yes | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Doma et al. [6] (2019) | Yes | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
Miller et al. [31] (2018) | Yes | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
Wei and Xiang [32] (2022) | Yes | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Studies | Subjects | Protocols | N | Pressure Modality | Exercise | Reps/Sets | Interval | Rest Interval | Main Results | Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wilk et al. [23] (2020) | Resistance trained men (age: 29.8 ± 4.6 years; body mass:94.3 ± 13.6 kg; BP 1RM: 168.5 ± 26.4 kg) | HL(70% 1RM)\HL(70% 1RM) + BFR | 5\5 | 90%AOP, Cuff width: 6 cm | Bench press | Both 3/3 | 5 min | Real time recording |
| BFR training can enhance strength performance significantly and is suitable for experienced trainers. |
Cleary and Cook [29] (2020) | Resistance trained men (18~23 years old) | HL(85% 1RM)\LL(30% 1RM) + BFR | 15\15 | 60%AOP, Cuff width: 6 cm | Squat | HL:5/2, LL + BFR:30/2 | 3 min | 4 min | The incidence of PAP in the two groups significantly reduced. LL + BFR group: 90.8% ± 7.8%; HL group: 96.1% ± 7.8%. | Both BFR-and non-BFR-protocols weaken the subjects’ vertical jump performance |
Doma et al. [6] (2019) | anaerobically trained men | LL (self weight)\LL (self weight) +BFR | 9\9 | 130%SBP, Cuff width: not mentioned | Lunge | Both:8/3 | 2 min | 3/6/9/12/15 min | LL + BFR group: jump height (~4.5% ± 0.8%), FT (~3.4% ± 0.3%) and power (~4.1% ± 0.3%) were significantly improved within 6–15 min post-exercise (p < 0.05); LL group: no significant changes (p > 0.05). | The BFR lunge squat improves the subsequent jumping performance of men undergoing resistance training. The use of BFR may be a practical alternative to HL training. |
Miller et al. [31] (2018) | Recreationally active men (21.8 ± 6 2.6 Years old; 180.5 ± 6 6.2 cm; 84.5 ± 12.1 kg) | HL (most effort)\HL(most effort) + BFR | 20\20 | 160 mmHg, Cuff width: 6 cm | Deadlift | Both 10 s/3 | 1 min | 10 min | HL + BFR group: VJ-H 57.7 ± 7.9 and 59.4 ± 8.1 cm ↑ no significant increase in power; HL group: 59.7 ± 7.4 ~ 60.2 ± 8.6 cm ↑ (p < 0.01) no significant increase in power. | BFR training can enhance vertical jump performance significantly. |
Wei and Xiang [32] (2022) | Resistance trained college students | LL(plyometric)\LL + BFR | 9/9 | 21.28 KPa, Cuff width: 6 cm | Plyome-tric training | 10/2, 5/3, 5/1 | 30 s/30 s/10 s | 4/8/12/16 min | 4 min: CMJ-H, CMJ-RFD, SJ-J, SJ-P, RSI significantly increased in both groups (p < 0.05). 8 min: CMJ-H, SJ-H and RSI significantly increased in LL-BFR group. | Both plyometric training and BFR + plyometric training can significantly enhance PAP. And PAP induced by BFR + plyometric extended to 8 min. |
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Tian, H.; Li, H.; Liu, H.; Huang, L.; Wang, Z.; Feng, S.; Peng, L. Can Blood Flow Restriction Training Benefit Post-Activation Potentiation? A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 11954. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911954
Tian H, Li H, Liu H, Huang L, Wang Z, Feng S, Peng L. Can Blood Flow Restriction Training Benefit Post-Activation Potentiation? A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):11954. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911954
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian, Haodong, Hansen Li, Haowei Liu, Li Huang, Zhenhuan Wang, Siyuan Feng, and Li Peng. 2022. "Can Blood Flow Restriction Training Benefit Post-Activation Potentiation? A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 11954. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911954