Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Obesity-Induced Changes in Tissues, Organs, and Body Systems: Crosstalk between Fat and Body Tissues
2.1. Skeletal Muscle
2.2. Cardiovascular System
2.3. Accumulation of Fat in Liver and Pancreas
2.4. Visceral, Abdominal, and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues
2.5. Obesity: Fat Deposition, Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue, and Metabolic Complications
3. Obesity and Pain: Crosstalk between Adipose Tissue and Nociceptive Somatosensory Nervous System
3.1. Adipokines
3.2. Cytokines and Chemokines
3.3. Growth Factors and Other Diffusible Factors
4. Effect of Physical Exercise on Adipose Tissue and Other Body Tissues, Organs, and Systems in Obese Subjects and Its Impact on Pathological Pain
4.1. Skeletal Muscle
4.2. Bone Tissue
4.3. Immune System
4.4. Cardiovascular System
4.5. Respiratory System
4.6. Gastrointestinal System
4.7. Endocrine System
4.8. Nervous System
4.9. Pathological Pain: Relationship with Sedentary Behavior and Modulation by Physical Exercise
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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