Academic Promotion of Physicians in Medical Schools: A Special Focus on Primary Health Care in Taiwan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Background
2.1.1. A Brief History of Medicine in Taiwan
2.1.2. Family Medicine Teachers in Taiwan
2.1.3. The Process of Examining Qualifications for Academic Promotion in Taiwan
2.1.4. Scoring System of Academic Promotion in Taiwan
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Study Design
2.3.1. Scoring System of Medical Schools in Taiwan
2.3.2. The Impacts of Scoring System on Different Medical Specialties
2.3.3. Other Information from Regulations of Academic Promotion
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Ethical Approval
3. Results
3.1. Comparison of Different Weights Conditional on an Original Article Published by a Clinician-Educator as the First Author in Different Schools
3.2. Comparison of Academic Promotion Scoring Systems in Different Schools Using the Numbers of Papers Equivalent to Different Thresholds
3.2.1. Equivalent Number of Papers Calculated Using the Impact Factor of the Top-Ranked Journal as a Weight
3.2.2. Equivalent Number of Papers Calculated Using the Impact Factor of the Lowest-Ranked Journal as a Weight
3.3. Maximum of Papers Counted
3.4. Bonus Weights of Papers Published in High-Impact-Factor Journals
3.5. Inclusion of Papers in Non-SCIE/SSCI Journals and Domestic Journals
3.6. Diverse Promotion Tracks
3.7. Bonus Points for Additional Items
3.8. List of Top-Ranked Journal of Medical Specialties and Subspecialties
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Medical School | Professor | Associate Professor | Assistant Professor | Lecturer | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Taiwan University (NTU) | 2 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 24 |
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU) | 2 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 18 |
National Defense Medical Center (NDMC) | 2 | 8 | 6 | 16 | |
Taipei Medical University (TMU) | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 | |
Fu Jen Catholic University (FJU) | 2 | 4 | 6 | ||
Mackay Medical College (MMC) | 2 | 3 | 5 | ||
Chang Gung University (CGU) | 2 | 2 | |||
China Medical University (CMU) | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 12 |
Chung Shan Medical University (CSMU) | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) | 3 | 2 | 5 | ||
Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) | 4 | 4 | |||
I-Shou University (ISU) | 1 | 3 | 4 | ||
Tzu Chi University (TCU) | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 | |
Total | 12 | 19 | 36 | 49 | 116 |
Item | Weighted Score |
---|---|
Category of papers (C) | |
Original article | 3 points |
Short report article | 2 points |
Review article; limited to one per year | 2 points |
Case report | 1 point |
Impact factor (IF) or percentile ranking of SCI journals 1 (J) | |
IF > 10 | IF × 1.5 |
IF > 5 or Ranking ≤ 10% | 8 points or IF |
10% < Ranking ≤ 25% | 6 points |
25% < Ranking ≤ 50% | 4 points |
50% < Ranking ≤ 75% | 3 points |
Ranking lower than the 75% | 2 points |
Author order (A) | |
First author or corresponding author | 5.0 points |
Second author | 3.0 points |
Third author | 1.0 point |
Fourth author or later | 0.5 point |
Scoring System | NTU | NDMC | NYCU | TMU | FJU | MMC | CGU | CMU | CSMU | NCKU | KMU | ISU | TCU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Original article (C) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
Ranking of an impact factor a (percentile) (J) | |||||||||||||
Ranking < 5% | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 7.5 | 10 | |
5% < Ranking ≤ 10% | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7.5 | 8 | |
Ranking > 80% | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
First author (A) | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Equivalents of Papers | NTU | NDMC | NYCU | TMU | FJU | MMC | CGU a | CMU | CSMU | NCKU | KMU | ISU | TCU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Equivalents of papers in the top ranked journal of primary health care (*) | |||||||||||||
Professor | 5.6 * | 4.6 * | 4.2 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 16 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 4 | 3.3 |
Associate professor | 3.3 * | 3.2 * | 3.3 | 5 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 10.7 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 2.5 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 2 |
Assistant professor | 2.8 * | 2.3 * | 2.5 | 3.3 | 2 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
Equivalents of papers in the lowest ranked journal of primary health care (*) | |||||||||||||
Professor | 33.3 * | 9.3 * | 16.7 | 40 | 10.7 | 26.7 | 35 | 31.5 | 36.7 | 30 | 33.3 | 30 | 16.7 |
Associate professor | 20 * | 6.5 * | 13.3 | 30 | 6.7 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 26.7 | 20 | 26.7 | 23.3 | 10 |
Assistant professor | 16.7 * | 4.6 * | 10 | 20 | 5 | 16.7 | 10 | 13.5 | 16.7 | 15.3 | 20 | 12 | 6.7 |
Academic Rank | Maximum of Papers Counted | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NTU | NYCU | TMU | MMC | NCKU | KMU | |
Professor | 12 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Associate professor | 12 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Assistant professor | 12 | 8 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Specialties | SCI Category | Top-Ranked Journal | |
---|---|---|---|
Name | Impact Factor | ||
Internal medicine | Medicine, General & Internal | New England Journal of Medicine | 74.699 |
Gastroenterology | Gastroenterology & Hepatology | Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology | 29.848 |
Cardiology | Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems | Circulation | 23.603 |
Endocrinology & Metabolism | Endocrinology & Metabolism | Nature Reviews Endocrinology | 28.8 |
Infectious Diseases | Infectious Diseases | Lancet Infectious Diseases | 24.446 |
Nephrology | Urology & Nephrology 1 | Nature Reviews Nephrology | 20.711 |
Hematology | Hematology | Blood | 17.543 |
Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology | Allergy/ Immunology/Rheumatology | Nature Reviews Immunology | 40.358 |
Chest Medicine | Respiratory System | Lancet Respiratory Medicine | 25.094 |
Clinical Toxicology | Toxicology | Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology | 11.25 |
Surgery | Surgery | JAMA Surgery | 13.625 |
Obstetrics and Gynecology | Obstetrics & Gynecology | Human Reproduction Update | 12.684 |
Pediatrics | Pediatrics | JAMA Pediatrics | 13.946 |
Family Medicine | Primary Health Care | Annals of Family Medicine | 4.686 |
Ophthalmology | Ophthalmology | Progress in Retinal and Eye Research | 14.86 |
Dermatology | Dermatology | Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | 8.277 |
Neurology | Clinical neurology | Lancet Neurology | 30.039 |
Psychiatry | Psychiatry | World Psychiatry | 40.595 |
Otorhinolaryngology | Otorhinolaryngology | JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery | 3.848 |
Radiology | Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging | JACC-Cardiovascular Imaging | 12.74 |
Urology | Urology & Nephrology 2 | European Urology | 17.947 |
Orthopedic Surgery | Orthopedics | American Journal of Sports Medicine | 5.81 |
Nuclear Medicine | Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging | JACC-Cardiovascular Imaging | 12.74 |
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation | Rehabilitation | Journal of Physiotherapy | 5.44 |
Anesthesiology | Anesthesiology | Anesthesiology | 7.067 |
Emergency Medicine | Emergency Medicine | Annals of Emergency Medicine | 5.799 |
Pathology | Pathology | Annual Review of Pathology-Mechanisms of Disease | 16.75 |
Geriatric Medicine | Geriatrics & Gerontology | Ageing Research Reviews | 10.616 |
Environmental and Occupational Medicine | Public, Environmental, & Occupational Health | Lancet Global Health | 21.597 |
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Ma, H.; Chu, F.-Y.; Chen, T.-J.; Hwang, S.-J. Academic Promotion of Physicians in Medical Schools: A Special Focus on Primary Health Care in Taiwan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9615. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189615
Ma H, Chu F-Y, Chen T-J, Hwang S-J. Academic Promotion of Physicians in Medical Schools: A Special Focus on Primary Health Care in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(18):9615. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189615
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Hsin, Feng-Yuan Chu, Tzeng-Ji Chen, and Shinn-Jang Hwang. 2021. "Academic Promotion of Physicians in Medical Schools: A Special Focus on Primary Health Care in Taiwan" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18: 9615. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189615