Factors Related to Gender Violence and Sex Education in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Population
2.3. Measurement Instruments
2.4. Sampling and Recruitment
2.5. Procedure
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 439 | 49.94% |
Female | 440 | 50.06% | |
School year | 1st ESO | 53 | 6.03% |
2nd ESO | 136 | 15.47% | |
3rd ESO | 347 | 39.48% | |
4th ESO | 343 | 39.02% | |
Partner | Yes | 564 | 64.16% |
No | 312 | 35.50% | |
No reported | 3 | 0.34% | |
Sexual orientation | Heterosexual | 821 | 95.69% |
Homosexual | 16 | 1.86% | |
Bisexual | 21 | 2.45% | |
Location | Urban | 647 | 73.61% |
Rural | 232 | 26.39% |
Mean (SD) | CI 95% | |
---|---|---|
Age | 14.85 (1.32) | (14.79, 14.95) |
Age of first relationship | 14.53 (1.19) | (14.35, 14.70) |
DSS | 34.01 (7.20) | (33.53, 34.50) |
EMA | 24.50 (6.50) | (24.46, 25.33) |
EMAi | 20.86 (4.76) | (20.54, 21.18) |
EMAa | 4.03 (2.89) | (3.84, 4.22) |
ASI | 54.74 (18.87) | (53.45, 56.03) |
ASIb | 27.45 (10.61) | (26.74, 28.17) |
ASIh | 27.41 (10.60) | (26.70, 28.13) |
DSS | EMA | EMAi | EMAa | ASI | ASIb | ASIh | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ||
School year | 1st ESO | 29.82 | 4.28 | 29.75 | 9.04 | 22.21 | 6.91 | 7.54 | 2.93 | 68.93 | 8.19 | 34.97 | 5.34 | 33.76 | 5.46 |
2nd ESO | 32.61 | 7.11 | 26.64 | 6.61 | 22.05 | 4.89 | 4.60 | 3.04 | 59.71 | 17.62 | 29.64 | 10.36 | 30.02 | 9.09 | |
3rd ESO | 34.60 | 7.10 | 24.56 | 5.46 | 20.90 | 4.11 | 3.66 | 2.65 | 55.93 | 18.73 | 28.03 | 10.54 | 26.89 | 10.65 | |
4th ESO | 34.58 | 7.46 | 23.78 | 6.52 | 20.15 | 4.80 | 3.63 | 2.66 | 50.72 | 19.17 | 24.97 | 10.60 | 25.98 | 11.19 | |
Gender | Male | 32.88 | 6.51 | 25.37 | 6.85 | 20.93 | 4.83 | 4.43 | 3.11 | 59.46 | 16.00 | 28.73 | 9.70 | 30.80 | 8.97 |
Female | 35.09 | 7.68 | 24.41 | 6.12 | 20.77 | 4.70 | 3.63 | 2.59 | 50.00 | 20.33 | 23.95 | 11.03 | 26.25 | 11.30 | |
Partner | Yes | 34.22 | 7.33 | 25.20 | 6.39 | 21.23 | 4.67 | 3.97 | 2.84 | 54.64 | 18.36 | 27.47 | 10.39 | 27.38 | 10.45 |
No | 33.67 | 7.02 | 24.25 | 6.64 | 20.14 | 4.86 | 4.11 | 2.96 | 54.68 | 19.88 | 27.40 | 11.08 | 27.27 | 10.81 | |
Location | Urban | 33.32 | 7.31 | 25.82 | 6.94 | 21.30 | 5.01 | 4.51 | 3.11 | 56.46 | 17.83 | 28.34 | 10.13 | 28.23 | 9.88 |
Rural | 35.91 | 6.54 | 22.35 | 4.17 | 19.65 | 3.73 | 2.70 | 1.55 | 50.10 | 20.78 | 25.04 | 11.52 | 25.14 | 12.11 |
School Year | DSS | EMA | EMAi | EMAa | ASI | ASIb | ASIh | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H | ES | H | ES | H | ES | H | ES | H | ES | H | ES | H | ES | |
1st–2nd | −112.03 ** | −0.43 | 84.09 | 3.15 | 219.56 * | 0.98 | 136.72 * | 0.59 | 137.67 * | 0.57 | 102.73 | 0.82 | ||
1st–3rd | −183.36 * | −0.70 | 161.60 * | 0.86 | 63.21 | 297.45 * | 1.44 | 204.46 * | 0.78 | 179.55 * | 0.69 | 178.18 * | 0.68 | |
1st–4th | −181.74 * | −0.67 | 206.42 * | 0.86 | 108.43 ** | 0.40 | 303.84 * | 1.45 | 255.66 * | 1.00 | 250.73 * | 0.99 | 192.20 * | 0.73 |
2nd–3rd | −71.32 ** | −0.28 | 77.50 ** | 0.36 | 60.06 | 23.22* | 0.34 | 67.73 ** | 0.26 | 41.88 | 0.15 | 75.45 ** | 0.31 | |
2nd–4th | −69.71 ** | −0.27 | 122.33 * | 0.44 | 105.28 * | 0.16 | 23.26 * | 0.35 | 118.94 * | 0.48 | 113.05 * | 0.44 | 89.46 * | 0.38 |
3rd–4th | 1.61 | 44.826 | 45.23 | 17.42 | 51.20 ** | 0.22 | 71.17* | 0.29 | 14.01 |
EMA | EMAi | EMAa | ASI | ASIb | ASIh | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DSS | Coefficient of correlation | −0.372 * | −0.422 * | −0.262 * | −0.463 * | −0.396 * | −0.419 * |
EMA | Coefficient of correlation | 0.630 * | 0.915 * | 0.395 * | 0.354 * | 0.327 | |
EMAi | Coefficient of correlation | 0.315 * | 0.352 * | 0.329 * | 0.273 * | ||
EMAa | Coefficient of correlation | 0.267 * | 0.204 * | 0.273 * | |||
ASI | Coefficient of correlation | 0.872 * | 0.859 * | ||||
ASIb | Coefficient of correlation | 0.531 * |
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Guerra-Marmolejo, C.; Fernández-Fernández, E.; González-Cano-Caballero, M.; García-Gámez, M.; del Río, F.J.; Fernández-Ordóñez, E. Factors Related to Gender Violence and Sex Education in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 5836. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115836
Guerra-Marmolejo C, Fernández-Fernández E, González-Cano-Caballero M, García-Gámez M, del Río FJ, Fernández-Ordóñez E. Factors Related to Gender Violence and Sex Education in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(11):5836. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115836
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuerra-Marmolejo, Cristina, Eloísa Fernández-Fernández, María González-Cano-Caballero, Marina García-Gámez, Francisco J. del Río, and Eloisa Fernández-Ordóñez. 2021. "Factors Related to Gender Violence and Sex Education in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5836. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115836