Service Perceptions in Fitness Centers: IPA Approach by Gender and Age
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Participants
2.2. Instrument
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Gender
3.2. Age
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gender | N | Age in Years | SD |
---|---|---|---|
Women | 173 | 31.92 | 11.00 |
Men | 241 | 31.62 | 11.85 |
Items | Women | Men | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | SD | P | SD | D | I | SD | P | SD | D | ||
1 | Accessibility: closeness to member homes | 4.83 | 0.53 | 4.23 | 1.08 | −0.60 ** | 4.75 | 0.67 | 4.25 | 0.91 | −0.50 ** |
2 | Fees | 4.24 | 1.02 | 3.73 | 1.06 | −0.51 ** | 4.09 | 1.10 | 3.77 | 0.94 | −0.32 ** |
3 | Hours and days of operation | 4.72 | 0.74 | 4.15 | 1.21 | −0.57 ** | 4.62 | 0.76 | 4.23 | 0.97 | −0.42 ** |
4 | Kindness and treat from staff | 4.64 | 0.64 | 4.14 | 1.03 | −0.50 ** | 4.14 | 1.00 | 4.13 | 0.87 | −0.01 ** |
5 | Achievement of outcomes from instructors | 4.28 | 0.88 | 3.81 | 1.04 | −0.47 ** | 4.09 | 1.00 | 3.56 | 0.96 | −0.53 ** |
6 | Gifts for attracting new customers | 4.17 | 1.03 | 3.06 | 1.12 | −1.11 ** | 3.79 | 1.19 | 2.96 | 1.12 | −0.83 ** |
7 | Gifts for rewarding current customers | 4.17 | 0.99 | 2.76 | 1.09 | −1.41 ** | 4.04 | 0.99 | 2.65 | 1.07 | −1.39 ** |
8 | Large activity spaces | 4.51 | 0.87 | 3.81 | 0.98 | −0.70 ** | 4.35 | 0.94 | 3.79 | 0.98 | −0.56 ** |
9 | Level of maintenance of activity spaces | 4.71 | 0.53 | 4.09 | 0.97 | −0.62 ** | 4.56 | 0.81 | 3.92 | 1.00 | −0.64 ** |
10 | Hygiene and cleanliness of activity spaces | 4.75 | 0.57 | 4.15 | 0.95 | −0.60 ** | 4.66 | 0.77 | 4.13 | 0.93 | −0.53 ** |
11 | Ventilation (temperature) of activity spaces | 4.56 | 0.80 | 3.84 | 1.07 | −0.72 ** | 4.47 | 0.85 | 3.76 | 1.09 | −0.71 ** |
12 | Number of pieces of equipment | 4.58 | 0.75 | 3.85 | 1.00 | −0.73 ** | 4.46 | 0.94 | 3.69 | 1.00 | −0.77 ** |
13 | Level of maintenance of equipment/material | 4.67 | 0.60 | 4.03 | 0.93 | −0.64 ** | 4.52 | 0.79 | 3.86 | 1.02 | −0.66 ** |
14 | Swimming pool/SPA (general) | 4.53 | 0.94 | 3.93 | 1.15 | −0.60 ** | 4.33 | 1.06 | 3.87 | 1.06 | −0.46 ** |
15 | Swimming pool temperature | 4.45 | 0.97 | 3.64 | 1.17 | −0.81 ** | 4.20 | 1.05 | 3.87 | 1.07 | −0.33 ** |
16 | Spacious and hygienic restrooms | 3.63 | 0.72 | 4.13 | 0.92 | +0.50 ** | 4.53 | 0.75 | 4.00 | 0.98 | −0.53 ** |
17 | Shower quality | 4.38 | 0.92 | 3.71 | 1.01 | −0.67 ** | 4.38 | 0.91 | 3.75 | 1.04 | −0.63 ** |
18 | Spacious and safe lockers | 4.51 | 0.83 | 3.98 | 0.98 | −0.53 ** | 4.40 | 0.90 | 3.65 | 1.08 | −0.75 ** |
19 | Hair dryer in restrooms | 4.25 | 1.03 | 3.72 | 1.15 | −0.53 ** | 3.85 | 1.10 | 3.50 | 1.12 | −0.35 ** |
20 | Variety and number of activities | 4.61 | 0.70 | 4.04 | 0.92 | −0.57 ** | 4.11 | 0.95 | 3.80 | 0.94 | −0.31 ** |
21 | Fitness service quality | 4.56 | 0.70 | 4.00 | 0.93 | −0.56 ** | 4.22 | 0.94 | 3.78 | 0.90 | −0.44 ** |
22 | Personal training quality | 4.41 | 0.97 | 3.72 | 1.09 | −0.69 ** | 4.05 | 1.02 | 3.59 | 0.97 | −0.46 ** |
23 | Lending towels service | 3.69 | 1.27 | 2.93 | 1.05 | −0.76 ** | 3.54 | 1.18 | 2.99 | 1.08 | −0.55 * |
24 | Personal hygiene products in restrooms | 3.76 | 1.27 | 2.90 | 1.06 | −0.86 ** | 3.67 | 1.15 | 3.11 | 1.17 | −0.56 ** |
25 | Medical/physiotherapist services | 4.21 | 1.05 | 3.44 | 0.94 | −0.77 ** | 3.91 | 1.13 | 3.12 | 1.15 | −0.79 ** |
26 | Cafeteria/restaurant | 3.63 | 1.31 | 3.33 | 1.21 | −0.30 | 3.51 | 1.16 | 3.30 | 1.07 | −0.21 * |
27 | Wi-Fi | 4.17 | 1.13 | 3.37 | 1.32 | −0.80 ** | 3.93 | 1.29 | 3.23 | 1.40 | −0.70 ** |
28 | Client profile in the fitness center | 4.06 | 0.94 | 3.68 | 0.90 | −0.38 ** | 3.97 | 0.97 | 3.72 | 0.82 | −0.25 ** |
29 | Fitness center as social meeting point | 3.60 | 1.20 | 3.60 | 0.93 | 0.00 | 3.52 | 1.25 | 3.65 | 0.91 | +0.13 |
Mean | 4.32 | − | 3.72 | − | −0.60 | 4.16 | − | 3.64 | − | −0.52 |
Items | Importance | Performance | |
---|---|---|---|
Correlation with Gender | Correlation with Gender | ||
1 | Accessibility: closeness to member homes | 0.056 | 0.036 |
2 | Fees | 0.069 | −0.001 |
3 | Hours and days of operation | 0.104 * | 0.022 |
4 | Kindness and treat from staff | 0.098 * | 0.043 |
5 | Achievement of outcomes from instructors | 0.089 | 0.140 ** |
6 | Gifts for attracting new customers | 0.160 ** | 0.041 |
7 | Gifts for rewarding current customers | 0.029 | 0.048 |
8 | Large activity spaces | 0.097 * | 0.015 |
9 | Level of maintenance of activity spaces | 0.067 | 0.090 |
10 | Hygiene and cleanliness of activity spaces | 0.028 | 0.020 |
11 | Ventilation (temperature) of activity spaces | 0.056 | 0.038 |
12 | Number of pieces of equipment | 0.086 | 0.082 |
13 | Level of maintenance of equipment/material | 0.087 | 0.090 |
14 | Swimming pool/SPA (general) | 0.109 * | 0.054 |
15 | Swimming pool temperature | 0.145 ** | −0.092 |
16 | Spacious and hygienic restrooms | 0.089 | 0.064 |
17 | Shower quality | 0.012 | −0.023 |
18 | Spacious and safe lockers | 0.064 | 0.153 ** |
19 | Hair dryer in restrooms | 0.191 ** | 0.110 * |
20 | Variety and number of activities | 0.292 ** | 0.148 ** |
21 | Fitness service quality | 0.186 ** | 0.134 ** |
22 | Personal training quality | 0.204 ** | 0.078 |
23 | Lending towels service | 0.070 | −0.017 |
24 | Personal hygiene products in restrooms | 0.056 | −0.090 |
25 | Medical/physiotherapist services | 0.147 ** | 0.137 |
26 | Cafeteria/restaurant | 0.058 | 0.020 |
27 | Wi-Fi | 0.098 | 0.044 |
28 | Client profile in the fitness center | 0.039 | −0.013 |
29 | Fitness center as social meeting point | 0.023 | −0.035 |
Items | Importance | Performance | |
---|---|---|---|
Correlation with Age | Correlation with Age | ||
1 | Accessibility: closeness to member homes | −0.049 | −0.050 |
2 | Fees | 0.088 | −0.021 |
3 | Hours and days of operation | 0.040 | −0.014 |
4 | Kindness and treat from staff | 0.071 | 0.001 |
5 | Achievement of outcomes from instructors | 0.085 | 0.082 |
6 | Gifts for attracting new customers | −0.085 | −0.042 |
7 | Gifts for rewarding current customers | 0.010 | −0.013 |
8 | Large activity spaces | 0.045 | −0.029 |
9 | Level of maintenance of activity spaces | −0.074 | −0.075 |
10 | Hygiene and cleanliness of activity spaces | −0.031 | −0.122 * |
11 | Ventilation (temperature) of activity spaces | −0.032 | −0.091 |
12 | Number of pieces of equipment | −0.040 | 0.008 |
13 | Level of maintenance of equipment/material | −0.063 | −0.086 |
14 | Swimming pool/SPA (general) | 0.047 | −0.041 |
15 | Swimming pool temperature | 0.018 | −0.118 |
16 | Spacious and hygienic restrooms | 0.014 | −0.062 |
17 | Shower quality | 0.046 | −0.018 |
18 | Spacious and safe lockers | −0.001 | −0.102 * |
19 | Hair dryer in restrooms | −0.012 | −0.008 |
20 | Variety and number of activities | −0.014 | −0.003 |
21 | Fitness service quality | −0.051 | −0.034 |
22 | Personal training quality | −0.035 | 0.013 |
23 | Lending towels service | 0.023 | −0.036 |
24 | Personal hygiene products in restrooms | 0.016 | 0.018 |
25 | Medical/physiotherapist services | 0.005 | −0.101 |
26 | Cafeteria/restaurant | 0.034 | −0.027 |
27 | Wi-Fi | −0.095 | 0.023 |
28 | Client profile in the fitness center | −0.043 | 0.012 |
29 | Fitness center as social meeting point | 0.023 | −0.002 |
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León-Quismondo, J.; García-Unanue, J.; Burillo, P. Service Perceptions in Fitness Centers: IPA Approach by Gender and Age. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 2844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082844
León-Quismondo J, García-Unanue J, Burillo P. Service Perceptions in Fitness Centers: IPA Approach by Gender and Age. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(8):2844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082844
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeón-Quismondo, Jairo, Jorge García-Unanue, and Pablo Burillo. 2020. "Service Perceptions in Fitness Centers: IPA Approach by Gender and Age" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8: 2844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082844