Does Believing in Fate Facilitate Active or Avoidant Coping? The Effects of Fate Control on Coping Strategies and Mental Well-Being
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. The Mediating Effects of Coping Strategies
1.2. Believing in Fate and Fate Control
1.3. Fate Control and External Locus of Control
1.4. Fate Control Can also Induce Adaptive Coping
1.5. The Moderating Effect of Perceived Controllability
1.6. The Present Research
2. Study 1
2.1. Method
2.1.1. Participants and Procedure
2.1.2. Measures
2.2. Results and Discussion
2.2.1. Testing the Proposed Model
2.2.2. Testing the Mediating Effects of Coping Styles
3. Study 2
3.1. Method
3.1.1. Participants and Procedure
3.1.2. Measures
3.2. Results and Discussion
3.2.1. Testing the Proposed Model
3.2.2. Testing the Mediating Effects of Coping Styles
4. Study 3
4.1. Method
4.1.1. Participants and Procedure
4.1.2. Measures
4.2. Results and Discussion
5. General Discussion
5.1. Differentiating External Control and Fate Control
5.2. Enriching the Understanding of Control Belief and Personal Agency
5.3. Advancing the Understanding of Control and Mental Well-Being
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. FATC | 3.13 (0.61) | - | |||||||||
2. ELOC | 13.50 (4.15) | 0.25 *** | - | ||||||||
3. PFC | 1.64 (0.45) | 0.13 * | −0.19 ** | - | |||||||
4. SS | 1.49 (0.51) | 0.08 | −0.21 ** | 0.51 *** | - | ||||||
5. WT | 1.57 (0.56) | 0.24 *** | 0.17 ** | 0.18 ** | 0.22 *** | - | |||||
6. DT | 1.39 (0.48) | 0.40 *** | 0.18 † | 0.28 *** | 0.27 *** | 0.51 *** | - | ||||
7. SH | 4.46 (1.13) | −0.13 * | −0.35 *** | 0.16 * | 0.18 ** | −0.22 *** | −0.03 | - | |||
8. LS | 4.45 (1.07) | −0.07 | −0.33 *** | 0.29 *** | 0.31 *** | −0.10 | 0.10 | 0.64 *** | - | ||
9. DEP | 0.75 (0.64) | 0.27 *** | 0.31 *** | 0.05 | −0.01 | 0.30 *** | 0.34 *** | −0.46 *** | −0.34 *** | - | |
10. ANX | 0.61 (0.56) | 0.30 *** | 0.30 *** | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.34 *** | 0.36 *** | −0.40 *** | −0.24 *** | 0.80 *** | - |
11. STR | 0.95 (0.62) | 0.28 *** | 0.34 *** | 0.12 | 0.110 | 0.35 *** | 0.35 *** | −0.41 *** | −0.25 *** | 0.76 *** | 0.81 *** |
Mean (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. FATC | 3.10 (0.52) | - | |||||
2. ELOC | 12.85 (4.07) | 0.24 *** | - | ||||
3. STR | 4.64 (0.56) | 0.11 † | 0.15 * | - | |||
4. CTRL | 3.24 (0.50) | −0.10 | −0.35 *** | −0.27 *** | - | ||
5. ACT | 4.33 (0.52) | 0.10 † | −0.17 ** | 0.28 *** | 0.18 ** | - | |
6. AV | 3.12 (0.85) | 0.19 ** | 0.26 *** | 0.34 *** | −0.25 *** | 0.05 | - |
7. SR | 4.64 (0.56) | −0.14 * | −0.30 *** | −0.07 | 0.38 *** | 0.34 *** | −0.34 *** |
Mean (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. FATC | 3.04 (0.56) | - | ||
2. ELOC | 13.06 (4.32) | 0.20 ** | - | |
3. CTRL | 3.82 (0.53) | −0.01 | −0.24 ** | - |
4. ACT | 0.90 (0.12) | −0.09 | −0.14 † | 0.40 * |
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Wu, W.C.H.; Chen, S.X.; Ng, J.C.K. Does Believing in Fate Facilitate Active or Avoidant Coping? The Effects of Fate Control on Coping Strategies and Mental Well-Being. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176383
Wu WCH, Chen SX, Ng JCK. Does Believing in Fate Facilitate Active or Avoidant Coping? The Effects of Fate Control on Coping Strategies and Mental Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176383
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Wesley C. H., Sylvia Xiaohua Chen, and Jacky C. K. Ng. 2020. "Does Believing in Fate Facilitate Active or Avoidant Coping? The Effects of Fate Control on Coping Strategies and Mental Well-Being" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176383