How Spiritual Leadership Boosts Nurses’ Work Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Calling and Psychological Capital
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background
2.1. Work Engagement and the NJD-R Model
2.2. Spiritual Leadership and Work Engagement
2.3. Spiritual Leadership, Psychological Capital, and Work Engagement
2.4. Integrating SLT in the NJD-R Model
3. Methods
3.1. Setting
3.2. Participants and Procedures
3.3. Measures
3.3.1. Spiritual Leadership
3.3.2. Calling
3.3.3. Psychological Capital
3.3.4. Work Engagement
3.3.5. Control Variables
3.4. Analysis Strategies
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Age | 27.25 | 7.18 | |||||||
2. Education a | 4.51 | 0.55 | 0.21 ** | ||||||
3. Working tenure | 5.97 | 5.62 | 0.78 *** | −0.11 | |||||
4. Spiritual leadership | 4.57 | 1.11 | −0.37 *** | −0.20 * | − | (0.98) | |||
5. Calling | 5.05 | 1.07 | −0.28 *** | −0.12 | −0.13 | 0.74 *** | (0.93) | ||
6. Psychological capital | 4.80 | 1.01 | −0.23 ** | −0.16 * | −0.06 | 0.76 *** | 0.78 *** | (0.91) | |
7. Work engagement | 4.01 | 1.27 | −0.21 ** | −0.23 ** | 0.01 | 0.70 *** | 0.59 *** | 0.72 *** | (0.95) |
Work Engagement | |
---|---|
Model 1 | |
Variables | |
Age | −0.03 |
Education | −0.07 |
Working tenure | 0.06 * |
Spiritual leadership | 0.73 *** |
R2 | 0.47 |
F | 34.98 *** |
Psychological Capital | Work Engagement | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |
Variables | ||||
Age | −0.01 | −0.0354, 0.0182 | −0.03 | −0.0610, 0.0087 |
Education | 0.04 | −0.1732, 0.2465 | −0.09 | −0.3601, 0.1853 |
Working tenure | 0.03 | −0.0061, 0.0588 | 0.04 * | 0.0022, 0.0873 |
Spiritual leadership | 0.70 *** | 0.6016, 0.7995 | 0.30 ** | 0.1037, 0.4876 |
Psychological capital | 0.62 *** | 0.4176, 0.8246 | ||
R2 | 0.59 | 0.57 | ||
F | 56.67 *** | 41.47 *** |
Calling | Psychological Capital | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |
Variables | ||||
Age | −0.01 | −0.0438, 0.0163 | 0.00 | −0.0262, 0.0209 |
Education | 0.10 | −0.1344, 0.3361 | −0.01 | −0.1915, 0.1777 |
Working tenure | 0.02 | −0.0191, 0.0537 | 0.02 | −0.0097, 0.0475 |
Spiritual leadership | 0.71 *** | 0.6001, 0.8220 | 0.39 *** | 0.2705, 0.5167 |
Calling | 0.43 *** | 0.3091, 0.5544 | ||
R2 | 0.55 | 0.69 | ||
F | 48.74 *** | 69.55 *** |
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Wu, W.-L.; Lee, Y.-C. How Spiritual Leadership Boosts Nurses’ Work Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Calling and Psychological Capital. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6364. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176364
Wu W-L, Lee Y-C. How Spiritual Leadership Boosts Nurses’ Work Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Calling and Psychological Capital. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6364. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176364
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Wei-Li, and Yi-Chih Lee. 2020. "How Spiritual Leadership Boosts Nurses’ Work Engagement: The Mediating Roles of Calling and Psychological Capital" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6364. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176364