Mineralogical and Geochemical Nature of Calcareous Vineyard Soils from Alcubillas (La Mancha, Central Spain)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Sampling
2.3. Analytical methods
2.4. Data Treatment and Representation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mineralogical Characteristics
3.2. Geochemistry and Spatial Variability of Studied Trace Elements (Ba, Cr, Cu, Pb, Rb, Sr, V and Zr)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Profile | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Location | 0487818 x–4290255 y | 0487689 x–4291840 y | 0489226 x–4290512 y | 0486047 x–4289589 y | 0487092 x–4289216 y |
Altitude (masl) | 795 | 793 | 801 | 789 | 777 |
Macromorphology | Ap-Bt-Ck | Ap-Bt-Ckm | Ap-Bt-Ckg | Ap-Bt-Ckm | Ap-Bw-C |
Soil Type (Soil Taxonomy 2014) | Calcic Rhodoxeralf | Calcic Rhodoxeralf | Calcic Rhodoxeralf | Petrocalcic Rhodoxeralf | Typic Haploxerept |
Profile | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
Location | 0487710 x–4287936 y | 0487374 x–4287857 y | 0484156 x–4288403 y | 0488954 x–4286098 y | 0490701 x–4290416 y |
Altitude (masl) | 776 | 786 | 812 | 797 | 809 |
Macromorphology | Ap-Bw-C | Ap-Bw-C | Ap-Ckm | Ap-Bt-C | Ap-Bt-Ck |
Soil Type (Soil Taxonomy 2014) | Typic Haploxerept | Typic Haploxerept | Petrocalcic Calcixerept | Calcic Rhodoxeralf | Calcic Rhodoxeralf |
Sample | Phyllosilicates (%) | Quartz (%) | Feldspar (%) * | Calcite (%) | Amorphous Materials (%) | RB | X2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 14 | 40 | Traces | 40 | 6 | 17.6 | 7.3 |
2 | 15 | 44 | 7 | 29 | 5 | 19.1 | 7.7 |
3 | 14 | 46 | Traces | 34 | 6 | 22.3 | 8.2 |
4 | 17 | 31 | 12* | 35 | 5 | 23.9 | 6.9 |
5 | 18 | 19 | 6 | 50 | 7 | 17.9 | 6.2 |
6 | 22 | 10 | 4 | 54 | 10 | 16.8 | 5.7 |
7 | 8 | 22 | 20 | 44 | 6 | 19.4 | 8.1 |
8 | 10 | 25 | Traces | 50 | 15 | 18.6 | 6.5 |
9 | 26 | 32 | Traces | 32 | 10 | 16.9 | 6.8 |
10 | 21 | 40 | 3 | 32 | 4 | 17.5 | 7.2 |
Sample | Illite (%) | Kaolinite (%) |
---|---|---|
1 | 90 | 10 |
2 | 79 | 21 |
3 | 92 | 8 |
4 | 95 | 5 |
5 | 94 | 6 |
6 | 88 | 12 |
7 | 90 | 10 |
8 | 30 | 70 |
9 | 85 | 15 |
10 | 90 | 10 |
(MG/KG) | MEAN | SD | MIN | MAX | MEDIAN CLM SOILS A |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BA | 323.8 | 69.9 | 177.4 | 446.4 | 214.2 |
CR | 51.4 | 10.9 | 29.2 | 71.0 | 42.7 |
CU | 25.0 | 4.1 | 17.4 | 32.4 | 17.4 |
PB | 21.9 | 6.0 | 13.3 | 31.6 | 25.8 |
RB | 83.9 | 20.9 | 40.4 | 118.9 | 81.2 |
SR | 124.4 | 14.3 | 101.6 | 152.8 | 241.9 |
V | 72.5 | 15.3 | 45.6 | 99.0 | 59.3 |
ZN | 47.4 | 12.3 | 28.5 | 72.3 | 43.5 |
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Jiménez-Ballesta, R.; Bravo, S.; Amorós, J.A.; Pérez-de los Reyes, C.; García-Giménez, R.; Higueras, P.; García-Navarro, F.J. Mineralogical and Geochemical Nature of Calcareous Vineyard Soils from Alcubillas (La Mancha, Central Spain). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176229
Jiménez-Ballesta R, Bravo S, Amorós JA, Pérez-de los Reyes C, García-Giménez R, Higueras P, García-Navarro FJ. Mineralogical and Geochemical Nature of Calcareous Vineyard Soils from Alcubillas (La Mancha, Central Spain). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176229
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiménez-Ballesta, Raimundo, Sandra Bravo, Jose A. Amorós, Caridad Pérez-de los Reyes, Rosario García-Giménez, Pablo Higueras, and Francisco J. García-Navarro. 2020. "Mineralogical and Geochemical Nature of Calcareous Vineyard Soils from Alcubillas (La Mancha, Central Spain)" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6229. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176229