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Article

Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months

by
Vinicius J. B. Martins
1,*,
Andrea R. Filgueiras
2,
Viviane B. P. Almeida
2,
Rúbia C. S. de Moraes
3 and
Ana L. Sawaya
2
1
Department of Physiology and Pathology, Federal University of Paraíba, Health Sciences Center, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
2
Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 862, Edifício de Ciências Biomédicas, 2 andar, São Paulo 04023-060, Brazil
3
Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, Health Sciences Center, Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(11), 3825; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113825
Submission received: 7 February 2020 / Revised: 20 March 2020 / Accepted: 1 April 2020 / Published: 28 May 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Growth: How to Promote It in School-Aged Children and Adolescents)
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Abstract

We investigated if children with excess weight who submitted to two types of intervention at school for 16 months showed improvements in thyroid and glycemic function and food intake. Children (8–11 years) with a body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) of ≥1 Z score were divided into two groups: Treatment 1 (n = 73) involved motivation to adopt healthier lifestyle; Treatment 2 (n = 103) involved performing weekly nutritional education, motivational, and physical activities at school. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. The delta BMI/A were similar after 16 months; Treatment 1 showed higher decrease in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; median (range)): −0.45 (−3.19 to 2.17) and 0.06 (−4.57 to 1.63) mIU/L, p = 0.001), FreeT3 (−0.46 (−2.92 to 1.54) and −0.15 (−2.46 to 1.38) pmol/L, p = 0.038), and FreeT4 −1.41 (−6.18 to 3.47) and −0.90 (−4.89 to 2.96) pmol/L, p = 0.018), followed by decrease in energy intake (7304 (6806 to 7840) and 8267 (7739 to 8832) kJ, Ptreatment = 0.439, Ptime <0.001, interaction group–time p < 0.001), macronutrients and sugar. A positive correlation between FreeT3 and BMI/A, and a negative correlation with FreeT4 and insulin were found at baseline (r 0.212, p < 0.01; r −0.155, p < 0.01, respectively) and follow-up (r 0.222, p < 0.01; r −0.221, p < 0.01). The decrease in overall diet and particularly sugar intake was accompanied by a greater reduction in TSH and FreeT3 in Treatment 1, demonstrating the impact of dietary intake on thyroid function.
Keywords: thyroid status; weight excess; insulin; food consumption; weight excess treatment thyroid status; weight excess; insulin; food consumption; weight excess treatment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Martins, V.J.B.; Filgueiras, A.R.; Almeida, V.B.P.; de Moraes, R.C.S.; Sawaya, A.L. Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113825

AMA Style

Martins VJB, Filgueiras AR, Almeida VBP, de Moraes RCS, Sawaya AL. Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(11):3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113825

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martins, Vinicius J. B., Andrea R. Filgueiras, Viviane B. P. Almeida, Rúbia C. S. de Moraes, and Ana L. Sawaya. 2020. "Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11: 3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113825

APA Style

Martins, V. J. B., Filgueiras, A. R., Almeida, V. B. P., de Moraes, R. C. S., & Sawaya, A. L. (2020). Changes in Thyroid and Glycemic Status and Food Intake in Children with Excess Weight Who Were Submitted for a Multi-Component School Intervention for 16 Months. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3825. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113825

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