Change in the Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions in Aggregates under Different Land Uses: A Case in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sampling Location
2.2. Soil Aggregate Segregation
2.3. Phosphorus Sorption Isotherm Experiment
2.4. Phosphorus Sequential Fractionation
2.5. Chemical Determination
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Analysis
3.1. Soil Aggregates
3.2. Phosphorus Fractions
3.3. Phosphorus Adsorption Characteristic
4. Discussion
4.1. Identification of Environmental Controlling Factors of Phosphorus Fractions Distribution
4.2. Phosphorus Availability and Release under Different Cultivated Crops
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Farmland | pH | EC | TN | TP | SOM | Fe | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | µs/cm | mg/kg | mg/kg | g/kg | g/kg | g/kg | |
Rice | 5.29 ± 0.21 a | 82.45 ± 9.98 a | 1802.75 ± 176.42 a | 792.46 ± 175.97 a | 47.55 ± 9.83 a | 35.96 ± 1.02 a | 1.34 ± 0.40 a |
Maize | 5.21 ± 0.04 a | 57.29 ± 6.25 a | 1715.50 ± 94.05 a | 1052.54 ± 341.70 a | 44.15 ± 1.34 a | 41.92 ± 3.85 a | 1.27 ± 0.13 a |
Soybean | 5.34 ± 0.01 a | 78.89 ± 6.93 a | 1016.25 ± 238.6 b | 893.60 ± 24.91 a | 28.05 ± 5.30 a | 20.34 ± 1.44 b | 0.22 ± 0.02 b |
Soil Aggregate Fractions | Farmland | Langmuir [Ce/Qe = Ce/Qm + 1/(K1·Qm)] | Freundlich [lgQe = lgK2 + 1/n·lgCe] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Qm | MBC | K1 | R2 | R2 | ||
mm | - | mg/kg | mg/kg | - | - | - |
>1 | Rice | 2020.41 ± 28.86 a | 2239.82 ± 991.87 a | 1.11 ± 0.51 a | 0.930 | 0.266 |
Maize | 2037.04 ± 261.89 a | 1605.39 ± 502.60 a | 0.81 ± 0.35 a | 0.917 | 0.276 | |
Soybean | 1923.08 ± 0.00 a | 654.01 ± 78.08 a | 0.34 ± 0.04 a | 0.876 | 0.008 | |
0.25–1 | Rice | 1562.50 ± 0.00 a | 1204.98 ± 406.66 a | 0.77 ± 0.26 a | 0.985 | 0.103 |
Maize | 1440.71 ± 73.29 a | 872.95 ± 238.61 a | 0.61 ± 0.20 a | 0.982 | 0.002 | |
Soybean | 1120.15 ± 79.65 b | 266.42 ± 28.45 a | 0.24 ± 0.04 a | 0.949 | 0.135 | |
0.053–0.25 | Rice | 1590.91 ± 107.14 a | 520.07 ± 101.32 a | 0.33 ± 0.09 a | 0.888 | 0.044 |
Maize | 1399.22 ± 41.51 a | 357.13 ± 36.78 a | 0.26 ± 0.03 a | 0.806 | 0.299 | |
Soybean | 594.23 ± 54.70 b | 229.31 ± 58.96 a | 0.39 ± 0.14 a | 0.960 | 0.057 | |
<0.053 | Rice | 1459.93 ± 15.07 a | 395.60 ± 29.79 a | 0.25 ± 0.02 a | 0.903 | 0.224 |
Maize | 583.13 ± 7.21 b | 487.37 ± 55.07 a | 0.21 ± 0.02 a | 0.998 | 0.201 | |
Soybean | 676.45 ± 183.85 b | 149.06 ± 28.09 b | 0.68 ± 0.13 b | 0.900 | 0.277 |
Chemical Properties | L-Pi | L-Po | Ml-Po | Fe.Al-P | Ca.Mg-P | Hu-P | Re-P | TP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TN | 0.125 | 0.577 ** | 0.109 | 0.766 ** | −0.292 | 0.405 * | 0.786 ** | 0.497 * |
SOM | −0.019 | 0.547 ** | 0.123 | 0.566 ** | −0.314 | 0.499 * | 0.655 ** | 0.339 |
Fe | −0.072 | 0.451 * | −0.132 | 0.626 ** | −0.261 | 0.231 | 0.771 ** | 0.484 * |
Mn | 0.212 | 0.457 * | 0.138 | 0.742 ** | −0.371 | 0.463 ** | 0.862 ** | 0.486 * |
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Cui, H.; Ou, Y.; Wang, L.; Yan, B.; Han, L.; Li, Y. Change in the Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions in Aggregates under Different Land Uses: A Case in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16020212
Cui H, Ou Y, Wang L, Yan B, Han L, Li Y. Change in the Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions in Aggregates under Different Land Uses: A Case in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(2):212. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16020212
Chicago/Turabian StyleCui, Hu, Yang Ou, Lixia Wang, Baixing Yan, Lu Han, and Yingxin Li. 2019. "Change in the Distribution of Phosphorus Fractions in Aggregates under Different Land Uses: A Case in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 2: 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16020212