Current Status of the Adoption, Utilization and Helpfulness of Health Information Systems in Korea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data and Study Population
2.2. Definition of HIS
- Order Communication System (OCS): This system allows various lab and imaging tests or treatment services to be ordered instantly through networks.
- Electronic Medical Record (EMR): This system is a database containing computerized forms of patients’ paper-based medical charts; all information on these charts is entered, managed, and stored to enable physicians to access these records without restrictions of time or space.
- Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS): This system concerns the acquisition, storage, transmission, and display of medical images digitally from various examination devices such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
2.3. Variables and Analysis
2.4. Ethics Statement
3. Results
3.1. Characteristic of the Study Population
3.2. Current Status on Adoption of HIS
3.3. Utilization and Helpfulness of HISs
3.3.1. OCS
3.3.2. EMR
3.3.3. PACS
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 5731 | 83.7 |
Female | 1118 | 16.3 | |
Age (yrs, 47.55 ± 9.75) | Under 40 | 912 | 13.3 |
40–49 | 2557 | 37.3 | |
50–59 | 2240 | 32.7 | |
Over 60 | 1140 | 16.6 | |
Employment status | Self-employed | 3337 | 48.7 |
Employed | 2338 | 34.1 | |
Medical school faculty | 1174 | 17.1 | |
Specialty | Internal medicine | 3474 | 50.7 |
Surgical medicine | 2715 | 39.6 | |
Medical assistant specialty | 660 | 9.6 | |
Type of institution | Clinic-level | 3635 | 53.1 |
Hospital-level | 3214 | 46.9 | |
Ownership of institution | Public | 586 | 8.6 |
Private | 6263 | 91.4 | |
Practice location | Capital area | 3369 | 49.2 |
Metropolitan cities | 1681 | 24.5 | |
Regional areas | 1799 | 26.3 | |
Total | 6849 | 100.0 |
Total | OCS | EMR | PACS | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | p-Value | n (%) | p-Value | n (%) | p-Value | |||
Gender | Male | 2297 | 2044 (68.2) | 0.385 | 2049 (68.4) | 0.547 | 1032 (34.4) | <0.0001 |
Female | 340 | 224 (65.9) | 227 (66.8) | 65 (19.1) | ||||
Age | Under 40 | 65 | 57 (87.7) | <0.0001 | 55 (84.6) | <0.0001 | 26 (40.0) | <0.0001 |
40–49 | 46 | 814 (86.1) | 723 (76.4) | 458 (48.4) | ||||
50–59 | 1530 | 993 (64.9) | 1035 (67.7) | 460 (30.1) | ||||
Over 60 | 796 | 404 (50.8) | 463 (58.2) | 153 (19.2) | ||||
Specialty | Internal medicine | 1849 | 1263 (68.3) | 0.767 | 1294 (70.0) | 0.047 | 538 (29.1) | <0.0001 |
Surgical medicine | 1298 | 880 (67.8) | 855 (65.9) | 468 (36.1) | ||||
Medical assistant specialty | 190 | 125 (65.8) | 127 (66.8) | 91 (47.9) | ||||
Type of Institution | Clinic-level | 3149 | 2.108 (66.9) | <0.0001 | 2135 (67.8) | 0.039 | 978 (31.1) | <0.0001 |
Hospital-level | 188 | 160 (85.1) | 141 (75.0) | 119 (63.3) | ||||
Practice Location | Capital area | 914 | 596 (65.2) | 0.109 | 594 (65.0) | 0.043 | 259 (28.3) | 0.001 |
Metropolitan cities | 807 | 555 (68.8) | 566 (70.1) | 266 (33.0) | ||||
Regional areas | 1616 | 1117 (69.1) | 1116 (69.1) | 572 (35.4) | ||||
Total | 3337 | 2268 (68.0) | 2276 (68.2) | 1097 (32.9) |
Respondents Who Have Adopted OCS | Utilization | Helpfulness | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | p-Value | n (%) | p-Value | |||
Gender | Male | 4661 | 3879 (83.2) | 0.001 | 3766 (80.8) | <0.0001 |
Female | 970 | 850 (87.6) | 842 (86.8) | |||
Age | Under 40 | 875 | 829 (94.7) | <0.0001 | 815 (93.1) | <0.0001 |
40–49 | 2365 | 2153 (91.0) | 2072 (87.6) | |||
50–59 | 1666 | 1246 (74.8) | 1233 (74.0) | |||
Over 60 | 725 | 501 (69.1) | 488 (67.3) | |||
Employment status | Self-employed | 2268 | 1611 (71.0) | <0.0001 | 1571 (69.3) | <0.0001 |
Employed | 2213 | 2029 (91.7) | 1977 (89.3) | |||
Medical school faculty | 1150 | 1089 (94.7) | 1060 (92.2) | |||
Specialty | Internal medicine | 2803 | 2363 (84.3) | 0.003 | 2271 (81.0) | 0.229 |
Surgical medicine | 2248 | 1907 (84.8) | 1852 (82.4) | |||
Medical assistant specialty | 580 | 459 (79.1) | 485 (83.6) | |||
Type of Institution | Clinic-level | 2529 | 1810 (71.6) | <0.0001 | 1775 (70.2) | <0.0001 |
Hospital-level | 3102 | 2919 (94.1) | 2833 (91.3) | |||
Practice Location | Capital area | 1685 | 1449 (86.0) | 0.001 | 1416 (84.0) | 0.011 |
Metropolitan cities | 1404 | 1195 (85.1) | 1148 (81.8) | |||
Regional areas | 2542 | 2085 (82.0) | 2044 (80.4) | |||
Total | 5631 | 4729 (84.0) | 4608 (81.8) |
Respondents Who Have Adopted EMR | Utilization | Helpfulness | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | p-Value | n (%) | p-Value | |||
Gender | Male | 4549 | 3954 (86.9) | <0.0001 | 3640 (80.0) | <0.0001 |
Female | 914 | 845 (92.5) | 791 (86.5) | |||
Age | Under 40 | 825 | 791 (95.9) | <0.0001 | 768 (93.1) | <0.0001 |
40–49 | 2193 | 2039 (93.0) | 1861 (84.9) | |||
50–59 | 1667 | 1384 (82.5) | 1247 (74.4) | |||
Over 60 | 768 | 585 (76.2) | 555 (72.3) | |||
Employment status | Self-employed | 2276 | 1776 (78.0) | <0.0001 | 1613 (70.9) | <0.0001 |
Employed | 2068 | 1938 (93.7) | 1835 (88.7) | |||
Medical school faculty | 111 | 1085 (97.0) | 983 (87.9) | |||
Specialty | Internal medicine | 2739 | 2381 (86.9) | 0.006 | 2188 (79.9) | 0.057 |
Surgical medicine | 2162 | 1936 (89.6) | 1785 (82.6) | |||
Medical assistant specialty | 562 | 482 (85.8) | 458 (81.5) | |||
Type of Institution | Clinic-level | 2511 | 1962 (78.1) | <0.0001 | 1793 (71.4) | <0.0001 |
Hospital-level | 2952 | 2837 (96.1) | 2639 (89.4) | |||
Practice Location | Capital area | 1616 | 1443 (89.3) | 0.062 | 1339 (82.9) | 0.090 |
Metropolitan cities | 1379 | 1213 (88.0) | 1114 (80.8) | |||
Regional areas | 2468 | 2143 (86.8) | 1978 (80.2) | |||
Total | 5463 | 4799 (87.8) | 4431 (81.1) |
Respondents Who Have Adopted EMR | Utilization | Helpfulness | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | p-Value | n (%) | p-Value | |||
Gender | Male | 3556 | 3327 (93.6) | 0.033 | 3319 (94.3) | 0.013 |
Female | 752 | 719 (95.6) | 720 (95.7) | |||
Age | Under 40 | 783 | 748 (95.5) | <0.0001 | 752 (96.0) | <0.0001 |
40–49 | 1952 | 1863 (95.4) | 1857 (95.1) | |||
50–59 | 1112 | 1028 (92.5) | 1016 (91.4) | |||
Over 60 | 461 | 407 (88.3) | 414 (89.8) | |||
Employment status | Self-employed | 1097 | 978 (89.2) | <0.0001 | 979 (89.2) | <0.0001 |
Employed | 2039 | 1928 (94.6) | 1931 (94.7) | |||
Medical school faculty | 1172 | 1140 (92.3) | 1129 (96.3) | |||
Specialty | Internal medicine | 1955 | 1820 (93.1) | 0.018 | 1813 (92.7) | 0.040 |
Surgical medicine | 1807 | 1719 (95.1) | 1711 (94.7) | |||
Medical assistant specialty | 546 | 507 (92.9) | 515 (94.3) | |||
Type of Institution | Clinic-level | 1291 | 1135 (87.9) | <0.0001 | 1146 (88.8) | <0.0001 |
Hospital-level | 3017 | 2911 (96.5) | 2893 (95.9) | |||
Practice Location | Capital area | 1309 | 1233 (94.2) | 0.331 | 1245 (95.1) | 0.003 |
Metropolitan cities | 1077 | 1019 (94.6) | 1018 (94.5) | |||
Regional areas | 1922 | 1794 (93.3) | 1776 (92.4) | |||
Total | 4308 | 4046 (93.9) | 4039 (93.8) |
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Seo, K.; Kim, H.-N.; Kim, H. Current Status of the Adoption, Utilization and Helpfulness of Health Information Systems in Korea. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122122
Seo K, Kim H-N, Kim H. Current Status of the Adoption, Utilization and Helpfulness of Health Information Systems in Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(12):2122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122122
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeo, Kyunghwa, Han-Nah Kim, and Hyeongsu Kim. 2019. "Current Status of the Adoption, Utilization and Helpfulness of Health Information Systems in Korea" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 12: 2122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122122