Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women

Chełchowska, Magdalena; Ambroszkiewicz, Jadwiga; Gajewska, Joanna; Mazur, Joanna; Lewandowski, Leszek; Reśko-Zachara, Marzanna; Maciejewski, Tomasz M.

doi:10.3390/ijerph15122719

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Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women

Magdalena Chełchowska

^1,*,

Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz

Joanna Gajewska

Joanna Mazur

²,

Leszek Lewandowski

³,

Marzanna Reśko-Zachara

⁴

and

Tomasz M. Maciejewski

Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland

Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland

⁴

Department of Neonatology and Intensive Care, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15(12), 2719; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122719

Received: 26 October 2018 / Revised: 14 November 2018 / Accepted: 14 November 2018 / Published: 3 December 2018

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Health)

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Abstract

Smoking tobacco can impair proper vascular endothelial functioning. This is exhibited through reduced nitric oxide synthesis as well as activity due to accompanying oxidative stress. We examined the relationship between nitric oxide and markers of oxidative stress/antioxidant defense in serum of smoking and non-smoking pregnant women. Subjects included 99 healthy pregnant women, who were tested for nitric oxide (NO), endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) nitric oxide synthase, total oxidant capacity (TOC), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). NO, eNOS, and TAC serum concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.005), but iNOS (p < 0.05) and TOC (p < 0.001) were higher in smokers than in non-smokers. Multivariate regression analysis showed associations between NO concentration and eNOS, TAC, and smoking status in the whole group of patients. In the model estimated separately for smokers, the highest impact of eNOS (β = 0.375; p = 0.021) and cotinine (β = −0.323; p = 0.037) was indicated for NO concentration. In the model of non-smokers, eNOS (β = 0.291, p = 0.030) and TAC (β = 0.350; p = 0.015) were important for NO level. Smoking during pregnancy could exacerbate oxidative stress, impair the action of nitric oxide synthases, and adversely affect the balance of oxygen and nitrogen metabolism. Relationships between NO concentrations and TAC in the studied women’s blood can confirm the antioxidant nature of nitric oxide. View Full-Text

Keywords: tobacco smoking; pregnancy; nitric oxide; oxidative stress; endothelial nitric oxide synthase; inducible nitric oxide synthase

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chełchowska, M.; Ambroszkiewicz, J.; Gajewska, J.; Mazur, J.; Lewandowski, L.; Reśko-Zachara, M.; Maciejewski, T.M. Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122719

AMA Style

Chełchowska M, Ambroszkiewicz J, Gajewska J, Mazur J, Lewandowski L, Reśko-Zachara M, Maciejewski TM. Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(12):2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122719

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chełchowska, Magdalena, Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz, Joanna Gajewska, Joanna Mazur, Leszek Lewandowski, Marzanna Reśko-Zachara, and Tomasz M. Maciejewski. 2018. "Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12: 2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122719

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Influence of Active Exposure to Tobacco Smoke on Nitric Oxide Status of Pregnant Women

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