Supraphysiological Levels of Quercetin Glycosides are Required to Alter Mineralization in Saos2 Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Mineral Content
2.2. ALP Activity
2.3. Cell Activity
2.4. Cell Toxicity
2.5. Osteoblast Regulatory Proteins
2.6. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Mineral Content
3.2. ALP Activity
3.3. Cell Mitochondrial Activity
3.4. Cell Toxicity
3.5. Quantification of Regulatory Proteins in Osteoblasts
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ALP | alkaline phosphatase activity |
BMD | bone mineral density |
DMSO | dimethylsulfoxide |
IL6 | Interleukin 6 |
LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
MTT | 2-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide |
OD | Optical density |
OPG | osteoprotegerin |
OPN | osteopontin |
SOST | sclerostin |
TNFα | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
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Condition | TNFα | IL6 | OPN | OPG | SOST |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control (pg/mL) | 0.43 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.08 | 247.50 ± 10.71 | 1659.25 ± 107.78 | 810.00 ± 22.15 |
50 µM Rutin (pg/mL) | 0.20 ± 0.02 a,* | 1.36 ± 0.09 a,* | 126.21 ± 10.78 * | 431.25 ± 11.37 a,‡ | 572.00 ± 19.07 * |
Rutin (pg/mL/mol) # | −46 | −376 | −24,258 | −245,600 | −47,600 |
25 µM Hyperoside( pg/mL) | 0.25 ± 0.01 b,* | 1.90 ± 0.06 b,* | 145.75 ± 2.75 * | 709.25 ± 25.28 b,‡ | 542.75 ± 10.01 * |
Hyperoside pg/mL/mol # | −72 | −536 | −40,700 | −380,000 | −106,900 |
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Nash, L.A.; Peters, S.J.; Sullivan, P.J.; Ward, W.E. Supraphysiological Levels of Quercetin Glycosides are Required to Alter Mineralization in Saos2 Cells. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13, 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050460
Nash LA, Peters SJ, Sullivan PJ, Ward WE. Supraphysiological Levels of Quercetin Glycosides are Required to Alter Mineralization in Saos2 Cells. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2016; 13(5):460. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050460
Chicago/Turabian StyleNash, Leslie A., Sandra J. Peters, Philip J. Sullivan, and Wendy E. Ward. 2016. "Supraphysiological Levels of Quercetin Glycosides are Required to Alter Mineralization in Saos2 Cells" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 5: 460. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050460