Characterization of a Novel Conus bandanus Conopeptide Belonging to the M-Superfamily Containing Bromotryptophan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Venom Fractionation and Purification
2.2. Determination of the Number of Disulphide Bonds
2.3. Presence of Gamma-Carboxylate Glutamate Residue
2.4. Peptide Sequencing
2.5. Peptide Synthesis
2.6. Sequence Similarity Analysis
Name | Cone snail | Diet | Sequence | Reference | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S3-S01 | C. striatus | p | - | C | C | P | K | E | W | C | N | R | D | C | S | C | C | T | - | [17,21] |
S3-S02 | C. striatus | p | - | C | C | P | A | R | M | C | M | A | A | C | S | C | C | D | - | [17,21] |
Ts3.6 | C. tessulatus | v | Q | C | C | D | W | Q | W | C | D | G | A | C | D | C | C | A | - | [22] |
LtIIID | C. litteratus | v | - | C | C | D | W | E | W | C | D | E | L | C | S | C | C | W | - | [23] |
Mr3.16 | C. marmoreus | m | V | C | C | S | F | G | S | C | D | S | L | C | Q | C | C | D * | - | [5] |
MrIIIE | C. marmoreus | m | V | C | C | P | F | G | G | C | H | E | L | C | Y | C | C | D * | - | [18] |
MrIIIF | C. marmoreus | m | V | C | C | P | F | G | G | C | H | E | L | C | L | C | C | D * | - | [18] |
Mr3.18 | C. marmoreus | m | - | C | C | H | R | N | W | C | D | H | L | C | S | C | C | G | S | [5] |
Mr3.8 | C. marmoreus | m | - | C | C | H | W | N | W | C | D | H | L | C | S | C | C | G | S | [18] |
BnIIID | C. bandanus | m | - | C | C | D | W | E | N | C | D | H | L | C | S | C | C | D * | - | This work |
Name | Organism | Diet | Sequence | Pharmacology | Reference | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BuIIIA | C. bullatus | p | V | T | D | R | C | C | K | G | K | R | E | - | C | G | R | W | - | - | C | R | D | H | S | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [27] |
BuIIIB | C. bullatus | p | V | G | E | R | C | C | K | N | G | K | R | G | C | G | R | W | - | - | C | R | D | H | S | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [27] |
CIIIA | C. catus | p | - | - | G | R | C | C | E | G | P | N | G | - | C | S | S | R | W | - | C | K | D | H | A | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [28] |
CnIIIA | C. consors | p | - | - | G | R | C | C | D | V | P | N | A | - | C | S | G | R | W | - | C | R | D | H | A | Q | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [28] |
CnIIIB | C. consors | p | - | - | Z | G | C | C | G | E | P | N | L | - | C | F | T | R | W | - | C | R | N | N | A | R | C | C | R | Q | Q | µ-conotoxin | [28] |
GIIIA | C. geographus | p | - | - | R | D | C | C | T | O | O | K | K | - | C | K | D | R | Q | - | C | K | O | Q | R | - | C | C | A* | - | µ-conotoxin | [29] | |
GIIIB | C. geographus | p | - | - | R | D | C | C | T | O | O | R | K | - | C | K | D | R | R | - | C | K | O | M | K | - | C | C | A* | - | µ-conotoxin | [30] | |
GIIIC | C. geographus | p | - | - | R | D | C | C | T | O | O | K | K | - | C | K | D | R | R | - | C | K | O | L | K | - | C | C | A* | - | µ-conotoxin | [31] | |
KIIIA | C. kinoshitai | p | - | - | - | - | C | C | N | - | - | - | - | - | C | S | S | K | W | - | C | R | D | H | S | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [32] |
LtIIIA | C. litteratus | v | - | - | D | E | C | C | E | O | Q | W | - | - | C | D | G | A | - | - | C | D | - | - | - | - | C | C | S | - | - | ι-conotoxin | [26] |
MIIIA | C. magus | p | - | - | Z | G | C | C | N | V | P | N | G | - | C | S | G | R | W | - | C | R | D | H | A | Q | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [33] |
PIIIA | C. purpurascens | p | - | Z | R | L | C | C | G | F | O | K | S | - | C | R | S | R | Q | - | C | K | O | H | R | - | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [34] |
PIIIE | C. purpurascens | p | - | H | O | O | C | C | L | Y | G | K | - | - | C | R | R | Y | O | G | C | S | S | A | S | - | C | C | Q | R * | ψ-conotoxin | [35] | |
PIIIF | C. purpurascens | p | - | G | O | O | C | C | L | Y | G | S | - | - | C | R | O | F | O | G | C | Y | N | A | L | - | C | C | R | K * | ψ-conotoxin | [36] | |
PrIIIE | C. parius | p | - | A | A | R | C | C | T | Y | H | G | S | - | C | L | K | E | K | - | C | R | R | K | Y | - | C | C * | - | - | - | ψ-conotoxin | [37] |
RIIIJ | C. radiatus | p | - | L | O | O | C | C | T | O | O | K | K | H | C | O | A | O | A | - | C | K | Y | K | O | - | C | C | K | S | - | κ-conotoxin | [38] |
RIIIK | C. radiatus | p | - | L | O | S | C | C | S | L | N | L | R | L | C | O | V | O | A | - | C | K | R | N | O | - | C | C | T * | - | κ-conotoxin | [39] | |
SIIIA | C. striatus | p | - | - | Z | N | C | C | N | G | G | - | - | - | C | S | S | K | W | - | C | R | D | H | A | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [32] |
SIIIB | C. striatus | p | - | - | Z | N | C | C | N | G | G | - | - | - | C | S | S | K | W | - | C | K | G | H | A | R | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [40] |
SmIIIA | C. stercusmuscarum | p | - | - | Z | R | C | C | N | G | R | R | G | - | C | S | S | R | W | - | C | R | D | H | S | R | C | C | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [41] |
SxIIIA | C. striolatus | p | - | - | - | R | C | C | T | G | K | K | G | S | C | S | G | R | A | - | C | K | N | L | K | - | C | C | A * | - | µ-conotoxin | [42] | |
SxIIIB | C. striolatus | p | - | - | Z | K | C | C | T | G | K | K | G | S | C | S | G | R | A | - | C | K | N | L | R | - | C | C | A * | - | µ-conotoxin | [42] | |
TIIIA | C. tulipa | p | - | R | H | G | C | C | K | G | O | K | G | - | C | S | S | R | E | - | C | R | O | Q | H | - | C | C * | - | - | - | µ-conotoxin | [43] |
BnIIID | C. bandanus | m | - | - | - | - | C | C | D | W | E | N | - | - | C | D | H | L | - | - | C | S | - | - | - | - | C | C | D * | - | unknown | This work |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Isolation and Purification of Native Conopeptides
3.2. Reduction-Alkylation Procedures
3.3. Mass Spectrometry Analysis
3.4. Automatic Amino Acid Sequencing
3.5. Chemical Synthesis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Files
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nguyen, B.; Caer, J.-P.L.; Mourier, G.; Thai, R.; Lamthanh, H.; Servent, D.; Benoit, E.; Molgó, J. Characterization of a Novel Conus bandanus Conopeptide Belonging to the M-Superfamily Containing Bromotryptophan. Mar. Drugs 2014, 12, 3449-3465. https://doi.org/10.3390/md12063449
Nguyen B, Caer J-PL, Mourier G, Thai R, Lamthanh H, Servent D, Benoit E, Molgó J. Characterization of a Novel Conus bandanus Conopeptide Belonging to the M-Superfamily Containing Bromotryptophan. Marine Drugs. 2014; 12(6):3449-3465. https://doi.org/10.3390/md12063449
Chicago/Turabian StyleNguyen, Bao, Jean-Pierre Le Caer, Gilles Mourier, Robert Thai, Hung Lamthanh, Denis Servent, Evelyne Benoit, and Jordi Molgó. 2014. "Characterization of a Novel Conus bandanus Conopeptide Belonging to the M-Superfamily Containing Bromotryptophan" Marine Drugs 12, no. 6: 3449-3465. https://doi.org/10.3390/md12063449