Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Aim
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Risk Factors Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient General Data
3.2. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
AC | acute cystitis |
CKD | chronic kidney disease |
CT | computed tomography |
CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
DM | diabetes mellitus |
EC | emphysematous cystitis |
EPN | emphysematous pyelonephritis |
ESBL | extended-spectrum beta-lactamase |
HTN | hypertension |
NB | neurogenic bladder |
UTI | urinary tract infection |
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AC (n = 92) | EC (n = 54) | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 70.5 (26.5) | 78.5 (15.3) | <0.001 | |
Gender | 0.193 | |||
Male (n = 44) | 24 | 20 | ||
Female (n = 102) | 68 | 34 | ||
Underlying disease | ||||
Diabetes Mellitus | 14 (15.2) | 34 (63.0) | <0.001 | |
Hypertension | 36 (39.1) | 33 (61.1) | 0.016 | |
Cerebrovascular accident | 12 (13.0) | 18 (33.3) | 0.005 | |
Chronic kidney disease | 2 (2.17) | 20 (37.0) | <0.001 | |
Neurogenic bladder | 5 (5.43) | 15 (31.9) | <0.001 | |
HbA1c | 6.80 ± 0.774 | 7.92 ± 1.89 | <0.001 | |
previous UTI history | 17 (18.9) | 7 (16.7) | 0.814 | |
Emphysematous Nephritis | 0(0) | 5 (10.2) | 0.004 | |
Urine culture | ||||
Enteroccocus coli | 47 (52.8) | 21 (40.4) | ||
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 2 (2.25) | 18 (34.6) | ||
Enterococcus | 3 (3.37) | 0 (0) | ||
etc. | 0 (0) | 12 (23.1) | ||
ESBL positive | 17 (17.6) | 19 (36.5) | 0.015 | |
Sepsis | 0 (0) | 26 (48.1) | <0.001 | |
Mortality | 0 (0) | 6 (11.1) | 0.002 |
Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p-Value | OR (95% CI) | p-Value | |
Sex | 0.600 (0.291–1.235) | 0.193 | - | - |
Age | 1.058 (1.029–1.088) | <0.001 | 1.033 (0.994–1.074) | 0.100 |
Diabetes mellitus | 9.471 (4.286–20.930) | <0.001 | 6.251 (2.265–17.250) | <0.001 |
Hypertension | 2.444 (1.227–4.868) | 0.016 | 0.702 (0.246–1.999) | 0.507 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 3.333 (1.454–7.641) | 0.005 | 1.684 (0.542–5.233) | 0.367 |
Chronic kidney disease | 26.471 (5.870–119.364) | <0.001 | 18.439 (3.421–99.404) | 0.001 |
Neurogenic bladder | 8.156 (2.742–24.264) | <0.001 | 7.374 (1.993–27.285) | 0.003 |
Previous UTI history | 0.859 (0.326–2.261) | 0.814 | - | - |
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Choi, J.; Choi, S.-K.; Lee, S.-H.; Yoo, K.-H. Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study. Medicina 2021, 57, 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57060531
Choi J, Choi S-K, Lee S-H, Yoo K-H. Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study. Medicina. 2021; 57(6):531. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57060531
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Jeonghyouk, Seung-Kwon Choi, Sang-Hyub Lee, and Koo-Han Yoo. 2021. "Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study" Medicina 57, no. 6: 531. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57060531