Comparison of Post-Exercise Hypotension Responses in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes after Completing Two Bench Press Training Intensities
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Procedures
2.3. Resistance Training Sessions
2.4. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Pelliccia, A.; Adami, P.E.; Quattrini, F.; Squeo, M.R.; Verdile, L.; Spataro, A. Are Olympic athletes free from cardiovascular diseases? Systematic investigation in 2352 participants from Athens 2004 to Sochi 2014. Br. J. Sports Med. 2017, 51, 238–243. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- International Paralympic Comite (IPC). Rules. Official Website of IPC Powerlifting. Available online: http://www.paralympic.org/powerlifting/about (accessed on 10 January 2020).
- Wewege, M.A.; Thom, J.M.; Rye, K.A.; Parmenter, B.J. Aerobic, resistance or combined training: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis 2018, 274, 162–171. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Williams, M.A.; Haskell, W.L.; Amsterdam, E.A.; Bittner, V.; Franklin, B.A.; Stewart, K.J. Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular disease: 2007 update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Clinical Cardiology and Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Circulation 2007, 116, 572–584. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Duncan, M.J.; Birch, S.L.; Oxford, S.W. The effect of exercise intensity on postresistance exercise hypotension in trained men. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2014, 28, 1706–1713. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Queiroz, A.C.C.; Sousa, J.C.S.; Cavalli, A.A.P.; Silva Junior, N.D.; Costa, L.A.R. Post-resistance exercise hemodynamic and autonomic responses: Comparison between normotensive and hypertensive men. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports 2015, 25, 486–494. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brito, L.C.; Fecchio, R.Y.; Peçanha, T.; Andrade-Lima, A.; Halliwill, J.R.; Forjaz, C.L. Postexercise hypotension as a clinical tool: A “single brick” in the wall. J. Am. Soc. Hypertens. 2018, 12, e59–e64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rondon, M.U.; Alves, M.J.; Braga, A.M.; Barretto, A.C.; Krieger, E.M.; Negrão, C.E. Postexercise blood pressure reduction in elderly hypertensive patients. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2002, 39, 676–682. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2009, 41, 687. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bentes, C.M.; Costa, P.B.; Neto, G.R.; Costa e Silva, G.V.; de Salles, B.F.; Miranda, H.L.; Novaes, J.S. Hypotensive effects and performance responses between different resistance training intensities and exercise orders in apparently health women. Clin. Phys. Funct. Imag. 2015, 35, 185–190. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rezk, C.C.; Marrache, R.C.; Tinucci, T.; Mion, D.; Forjaz, C.L. Post-resistance exercise hypotension, hemodynamics, and heart rate variability: Influence of exercise intensity. Graefe’s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 2006, 98, 105–112. [Google Scholar]
- João, G.A.; Lopes Evangelista, A.; Gomes, J.H.; Charro, M.A.; Bocalini, D.; Cardozo, D. Effect of 16 Weeks of Periodized Resistance Training on Strength Gains of Powerlifting Athletes. J. Exerc. Physiol. Online 2014, 17, 102–109. [Google Scholar]
- Pritchard, H.J.; Morton, R.H. Powerlifting: Success and failure at the 2012 Oceania and 2013 classic world championships. J. Aust. Strength Cond. 2015, 23, 67–70. [Google Scholar]
- Haslam, D.R.; McCartney, N.; McKelvie, R.S.; MacDougall, J.D. Direct measurements of arterial blood pressure during formal weightlifting in cardiac patients. J. Cardiopulm. Rehabil. Prev. 1988, 8, 213–225. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Boroujerdi, S.S.; Rahimi, R.; Noori, S.R. Effect of high-versus low-intensity resistance training on post-exercise hypotension in male athletes. Int. Sport Med. J. 2009, 10, 95–100. [Google Scholar]
- MacDonald, J.R. Potential causes, mechanisms, and implications of post exercise hypotension. J. Hum. Hypert. 2002, 16, 225–236. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ball, R.; Weidman, D. Analysis of USA powerlifting federation data from January 1, 2012–June 11, 2016. J. Strength Cond. Res. 2018, 32, 1843–1851. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fleck, S.J.; Kraemer, W. Designing Resistance Training Programs, 4E; Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL, USA, 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Bonsu, B.; Terblanche, E. The training and detraining effect of high-intensity interval training on post-exercise hypotension in young overweight/obese women. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 2016, 116, 77–84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Schutte, R.; Thijs, L.; Asayama, K.; Boggia, J.; Li, Y.; Hansen, T.W.; Jeppesen, J. Double product reflects the predictive power of systolic pressure in the general population: Evidence from 9,937 participants. Am. J. Hypertens. 2013, 26, 665–672. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Aksentijević, D.; Lewis, H.R.; Shattock, M.J. Is rate–pressure product of any use in the isolated rat heart? Assessing cardiac ‘effort’ and oxygen consumption in the Langendorff-perfused heart. Exp. Physiol. 2016, 101, 282–294. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- João, G.A.; Bocalini, D.S.; Rodriguez, D.; Ceschini, F.; Martins, A.; Figueira Junior, A. Powerlifting sessions promote significant post-exercise hypotension. Braz. J. Sports Med. 2017, 23, 118–122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef][Green Version]
- Austin, D.; Mann, B. Powerlifting; Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL, USA, 2012. [Google Scholar]
- Cohen, J. A power primer. Psychol. Bull. 1982, 112, 155–159. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Coelho-Júnior, H.J.; Irigoyen, M.C.; de Oliveira Gonçalves, I.; Câmara, N.O.S.; Cenedeze, M.A.; Uchida, M.C. Acute effects of power and resistance exercises on hemodynamic measurements of older women. Clin. Int. Aging 2017, 12, 1103–1114. [Google Scholar]
- Terra, D.F.; Mota, M.R.; Rabelo, H.T.; Lima, R.M.; Ribeiro, A.G.; Silva, F.M.D. Reduction of arterial pressure and double product at rest after resistance exercise training in elderly hypertensive women. Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2008, 91, 299–305. [Google Scholar]
- Macedo, F.N.; Mesquita, T.R.; Melo, V.U.; Mota, M.M.; Silva, T.L.; Santana, M.N. Increased nitric oxide bioavailability and decreased sympathetic modulation are involved in vascular adjustments induced by low-intensity resistance training. Front. Physiol. 2016, 7, 687. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Li, Y.; Hanssen, H.; Cordes, M.; Rossmeissl, A.; Endes, S.; Schmidt-Trucksäss, A. Aerobic, resistance and combined exercise training on arterial stiffness in normotensive and hypertensive adults: A review. Eur. J. Sport Sci. 2015, 15, 443–457. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- De Sousa, E.C.; Abrahin, O.; Ferreira, A.L.L.; Rodrigues, R.P.; Alves, E.A.C.; Vieira, R.P. Resistance training alone reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals: Meta-analysis. Hypertens. Res. 2017, 40, 927–931. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Paz, Â.d.A.; Aidar, F.J.; de Matos, D.G.; de Souza, R.F.; da Silva-Grigoletto, M.E.; van den Tillaar, R.; Ramirez-Campillo, R.; Nakamura, F.Y.; Costa, M.d.C.; Nunes-Silva, A.; et al. Comparison of Post-Exercise Hypotension Responses in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes after Completing Two Bench Press Training Intensities. Medicina 2020, 56, 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040156
Paz ÂdA, Aidar FJ, de Matos DG, de Souza RF, da Silva-Grigoletto ME, van den Tillaar R, Ramirez-Campillo R, Nakamura FY, Costa MdC, Nunes-Silva A, et al. Comparison of Post-Exercise Hypotension Responses in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes after Completing Two Bench Press Training Intensities. Medicina. 2020; 56(4):156. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040156
Chicago/Turabian StylePaz, Ângelo de Almeida, Felipe José Aidar, Dihogo Gama de Matos, Raphael Fabrício de Souza, Marzo Edir da Silva-Grigoletto, Roland van den Tillaar, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Fábio Yuzo Nakamura, Manoel da Cunha Costa, Albená Nunes-Silva, and et al. 2020. "Comparison of Post-Exercise Hypotension Responses in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes after Completing Two Bench Press Training Intensities" Medicina 56, no. 4: 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040156
APA StylePaz, Â. d. A., Aidar, F. J., de Matos, D. G., de Souza, R. F., da Silva-Grigoletto, M. E., van den Tillaar, R., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Nakamura, F. Y., Costa, M. d. C., Nunes-Silva, A., Costa e Silva, A. d. A., Marçal, A. C., & Reis, V. M. (2020). Comparison of Post-Exercise Hypotension Responses in Paralympic Powerlifting Athletes after Completing Two Bench Press Training Intensities. Medicina, 56(4), 156. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56040156