Fault Diagnosis Method for Shearer Arm Gear Based on Improved S-Transform and Depthwise Separable Convolution
Abstract
1. Introduction
- (1)
- A diagnostic framework combining adaptive window S-transform and depthwise separable convolutional networks is proposed. Compared with existing methods using fixed-window S-transform or complex convolutional architectures, the proposed approach can dynamically adapt to energy variations in different fault signals while effectively reducing model complexity.
- (2)
- A window-width adjustment mechanism based on the energy distribution of the signal is designed, enabling more accurate time–frequency decomposition of transient fault signals and enhancing diagnostic robustness.
- (3)
- A lightweight diagnostic network architecture is developed, which, compared to deep models such as ResNet, achieves a reduction of approximately 66% in parameter count and nearly 12% in inference latency per prediction, while maintaining comparable diagnostic accuracy—demonstrating its potential for deployment in edge computing scenarios.
2. Method for Fault Diagnosis
2.1. Theory of the Improved S-Transform
2.2. Depthwise Separable Convolution
2.3. Construction of the Diagnostic Model
2.4. Fault Diagnosis Process
3. Experimental Data Acquisition
4. Experimental Analysis
4.1. Preprocessing Analysis
4.2. Fault Diagnosis Analysis
4.2.1. Dataset Construction
4.2.2. Model Parameter Settings
4.2.3. Diagnostic Results Analysis
4.2.4. Imbalanced Class Experiment and Analysis
4.3. Comparative Experiment
4.3.1. Analysis of Recognition Results Using Different Transformation Methods
4.3.2. Visualization-Based Comparison of Time–Frequency Transformation Methods
4.3.3. Comparison of Diagnostic Performance Among Models
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fault ID | Fault Type | Speed (HZ) | Training Set | Test Set | Total Samples | Label |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | tooth wear | 30 | 160 | 40 | 200 | 1 |
C2 | tooth crack | 30 | 160 | 40 | 200 | 2 |
C3 | tooth breakage | 30 | 160 | 40 | 200 | 3 |
C4 | tooth deficiency | 30 | 160 | 40 | 200 | 4 |
C5 | normal | 30 | 160 | 40 | 200 | 5 |
—— | sum | —— | 800 | 200 | 1000 | —— |
Fault ID | Fault Type | Precision | Recall | F1-Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
C1 | tooth wear | 0.9645 | 0.8579 | 0.9081 |
C2 | tooth crack | 0.9912 | 0.9932 | 0.9897 |
C3 | tooth breakage | 0.8600 | 0.9297 | 0.8935 |
C4 | tooth deficiency | 0.9355 | 0.7713 | 0.8455 |
C5 | normal | 0.5063 | 1.0000 | 0.6723 |
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Wu, H.; Zhou, H.; Liu, C.; Cheng, G.; Pang, Y. Fault Diagnosis Method for Shearer Arm Gear Based on Improved S-Transform and Depthwise Separable Convolution. Sensors 2025, 25, 4067. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25134067
Wu H, Zhou H, Liu C, Cheng G, Pang Y. Fault Diagnosis Method for Shearer Arm Gear Based on Improved S-Transform and Depthwise Separable Convolution. Sensors. 2025; 25(13):4067. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25134067
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Haiyang, Hui Zhou, Chang Liu, Gang Cheng, and Yusong Pang. 2025. "Fault Diagnosis Method for Shearer Arm Gear Based on Improved S-Transform and Depthwise Separable Convolution" Sensors 25, no. 13: 4067. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25134067
APA StyleWu, H., Zhou, H., Liu, C., Cheng, G., & Pang, Y. (2025). Fault Diagnosis Method for Shearer Arm Gear Based on Improved S-Transform and Depthwise Separable Convolution. Sensors, 25(13), 4067. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25134067