The Relationship Between Daily Activity Level, Posture Distribution, Stepping Patterns, and Cadence in the BCS70 Cohort
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Physical Activity Measurement
- continuous stepping longer than one minute
- a period of seated transport
- a period of cycling
2.3. Classification of Days by Step Count
2.4. Classification of Days by Posture Composition
- Lying—primary lying;
- Sedentary—sedentary, secondary lying, or seated transport;
- Upright—quiet standing, stepping, or cycling.
2.5. Quantification of Stepping Behaviour by Upright Container
2.6. Association of Activity Level with Time Spent in Primary Postures
2.7. Association of Activity Level with Stepping Behaviour
3. Results
3.1. Posture Allocation and Activity Level
3.2. Stepping Behaviour and Activity Level
3.3. Stepping Cadence and Activity Level
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Max Days in Single Activity Level | Individuals | % |
---|---|---|
7 | 41 | 0.1% |
6 | 156 | 5.2% |
5 | 425 | 14.0% |
4 | 976 | 32.2% |
3 | 1431 | 47.2% |
2 | 518 | 17.1% |
1 | 0 | 0% |
Daily Activity Level | Step Count | Total Days | Individuals with 7 Days Within Activity Level | Individuals with 6 Days Within Activity Level |
---|---|---|---|---|
very inactive | <2.5 k | 869 | 12 | 14 |
inactive | 2.5 k–5 k | 3685 | 8 | 30 |
low active | 5 k–7.5 k | 5974 | 4 | 46 |
somewhat active | 7.5 k–10 k | 5517 | 1 | 18 |
active | 10 k–12.5 k | 3970 | 0 | 5 |
highly active | 12.5 k–15 k | 2369 | 0 | 1 |
very highly active | >15 k | 2445 | 16 | 42 |
Daily Activity Level | Step Count | Total Days | Primary Locus Stepping (Minutes) | Indoor Stepping (Minutes) | Outdoor Stepping (Minutes) | Outdoor Stepping (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
very inactive | <2.5 k | 869 | 16.8 (10.9) | 20.5 (11.0) | 2.7 (4.3) | 11.6% |
inactive | 2.5 k–5 k | 3685 | 23.2 (14.5) | 40.4 (12.6) | 14.5 (10.0) | 26.4% |
low active | 5 k–7.5 k | 5974 | 22.0 (15.6) | 51.0 (18.7) | 33.1 (15.1) | 39.4% |
somewhat active | 7.5 k–10 k | 5517 | 21.1 (15.1) | 56.1 (22.8) | 56.0 (18.5) | 50.0% |
active | 10 k–12.5 k | 3970 | 20.0 (14.6) | 58.4 (24.6) | 81.1 (21.3) | 58.1% |
highly active | 12.5 k–15 k | 2369 | 18.6 (13.5) | 58.8 (26.4) | 107.3 (24.7) | 64.6% |
very highly active | >15 k | 2445 | 17.1 (13.2) | 53.7 (26.7) | 163.9 (52.0) | 75.3% |
Daily Activity Level | Step Count | Days Containing Recreation Stepping | Total Days | % Days with Recreation Stepping |
---|---|---|---|---|
very inactive | <2.5 k | 1 | 869 | 0.1% |
inactive | 2.5 k–5 k | 69 | 3685 | 1.9% |
low active | 5 k–7.5 k | 499 | 5974 | 8.4% |
somewhat active | 7.5 k–10 k | 1223 | 5517 | 22.2% |
active | 10 k–12.5 k | 1381 | 3970 | 34.8% |
highly active | 12.5 k–15 k | 1108 | 2369 | 46.8% |
very highly active | >15 k | 1439 | 2445 | 58.9% |
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Speirs, C.; Ahmadi, M.; Hamer, M.; Stamatakis, E.; Granat, M. The Relationship Between Daily Activity Level, Posture Distribution, Stepping Patterns, and Cadence in the BCS70 Cohort. Sensors 2024, 24, 8135. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248135
Speirs C, Ahmadi M, Hamer M, Stamatakis E, Granat M. The Relationship Between Daily Activity Level, Posture Distribution, Stepping Patterns, and Cadence in the BCS70 Cohort. Sensors. 2024; 24(24):8135. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248135
Chicago/Turabian StyleSpeirs, Craig, Matthew Ahmadi, Mark Hamer, Emmanuel Stamatakis, and Malcolm Granat. 2024. "The Relationship Between Daily Activity Level, Posture Distribution, Stepping Patterns, and Cadence in the BCS70 Cohort" Sensors 24, no. 24: 8135. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248135
APA StyleSpeirs, C., Ahmadi, M., Hamer, M., Stamatakis, E., & Granat, M. (2024). The Relationship Between Daily Activity Level, Posture Distribution, Stepping Patterns, and Cadence in the BCS70 Cohort. Sensors, 24(24), 8135. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248135