A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing

Leppin, Christian; Hampel, Sven; Meyer, Frederick Sebastian; Langhoff, Arne; Fittschen, Ursula Elisabeth Adriane; Johannsmann, Diethelm

doi:10.3390/s20205915

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing

Christian Leppin

Sven Hampel

Frederick Sebastian Meyer

¹,

Arne Langhoff

¹,

Ursula Elisabeth Adriane Fittschen

² and

Diethelm Johannsmann

^1,*

Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany

Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Str. 4, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sensors 2020, 20(20), 5915; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915

Received: 23 September 2020 / Revised: 12 October 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 / Published: 20 October 2020

(This article belongs to the Section Nanosensors)

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figures

Citation Export

Abstract

A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is described, which simultaneously determines resonance frequency and bandwidth on four different overtones. The time resolution is 10 milliseconds. This fast, multi-overtone QCM is based on multi-frequency lockin amplification. Synchronous interrogation of overtones is needed, when the sample changes quickly and when information on the sample is to be extracted from the comparison between overtones. The application example is thermal inkjet-printing. At impact, the resonance frequencies change over a time shorter than 10 milliseconds. There is a further increase in the contact area, evidenced by an increasing common prefactor to the shifts in frequency, Δf, and half-bandwidth, ΔΓ. The ratio ΔΓ/(−Δf), which quantifies the energy dissipated per time and unit area, decreases with time. Often, there is a fast initial decrease, lasting for about 100 milliseconds, followed by a slower decrease, persisting over the entire drying time (a few seconds). Fitting the overtone dependence of Δf(n) and ΔΓ(n) with power laws, one finds power-law exponents of about 1/2, characteristic of semi-infinite Newtonian liquids. The power-law exponents corresponding to Δf(n) slightly increase with time. The decrease of ΔΓ/(−Δf) and the increase of the exponents are explained by evaporation and formation of a solid film at the resonator surface. View Full-Text

Keywords: inkjet printing; quartz crystal microbalance; QCM; fast QCM; picoliter-dosing; microfluidics; droplet-based microfluidics

▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Supplementary Material

Supplementary File 1:
PDF-Document (PDF, 349 KiB)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Leppin, C.; Hampel, S.; Meyer, F.S.; Langhoff, A.; Fittschen, U.E.A.; Johannsmann, D. A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing. Sensors 2020, 20, 5915. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915

AMA Style

Leppin C, Hampel S, Meyer FS, Langhoff A, Fittschen UEA, Johannsmann D. A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing. Sensors. 2020; 20(20):5915. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leppin, Christian, Sven Hampel, Frederick S. Meyer, Arne Langhoff, Ursula E.A. Fittschen, and Diethelm Johannsmann. 2020. "A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing" Sensors 20, no. 20: 5915. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20205915

Find Other Styles

Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Menu

A Quartz Crystal Microbalance, Which Tracks Four Overtones in Parallel with a Time Resolution of 10 Milliseconds: Application to Inkjet Printing

Abstract

Supplementary Material

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI