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Article

Single-Element Dual-Interferometer for Precision Inertial Sensing

by
Yichao Yang
1,2,3,†,
Kohei Yamamoto
1,†,
Victor Huarcaya
1,
Christoph Vorndamme
1,
Daniel Penkert
1,
Germán Fernández Barranco
1,
Thomas S. Schwarze
1,
Moritz Mehmet
1,
Juan Jose Esteban Delgado
1,
Jianjun Jia
2,3,
Gerhard Heinzel
1 and
Miguel Dovale Álvarez
1,*
1
Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik (Albert-Einstein-Institut) and Institut für Gravitationsphysik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 38, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
2
Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-electronics Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
3
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Sensors 2020, 20(17), 4986; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174986
Submission received: 5 August 2020 / Revised: 28 August 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 / Published: 3 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Sensors: Innovative Designs, Configurations, Measurements, and Applications)
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Abstract

Tracking moving masses in several degrees of freedom with high precision and large dynamic range is a central aspect in many current and future gravitational physics experiments. Laser interferometers have been established as one of the tools of choice for such measurement schemes. Using sinusoidal phase modulation homodyne interferometry allows a drastic reduction of the complexity of the optical setup, a key limitation of multi-channel interferometry. By shifting the complexity of the setup to the signal processing stage, these methods enable devices with a size and weight not feasible using conventional techniques. In this paper we present the design of a novel sensor topology based on deep frequency modulation interferometry: the self-referenced single-element dual-interferometer (SEDI) inertial sensor, which takes simplification one step further by accommodating two interferometers in one optic. Using a combination of computer models and analytical methods we show that an inertial sensor with sub-picometer precision for frequencies above 10 mHz, in a package of a few cubic inches, seems feasible with our approach. Moreover we show that by combining two of these devices it is possible to reach sub-picometer precision down to 2 mHz. In combination with the given compactness, this makes the SEDI sensor a promising approach for applications in high precision inertial sensing for both next-generation space-based gravity missions employing drag-free control, and ground-based experiments employing inertial isolation systems with optical readout.
Keywords: laser interferometry; inertial sensing; optical readout laser interferometry; inertial sensing; optical readout
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MDPI and ACS Style

Yang, Y.; Yamamoto, K.; Huarcaya, V.; Vorndamme, C.; Penkert, D.; Fernández Barranco, G.; Schwarze, T.S.; Mehmet, M.; Esteban Delgado, J.J.; Jia, J.; et al. Single-Element Dual-Interferometer for Precision Inertial Sensing. Sensors 2020, 20, 4986. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174986

AMA Style

Yang Y, Yamamoto K, Huarcaya V, Vorndamme C, Penkert D, Fernández Barranco G, Schwarze TS, Mehmet M, Esteban Delgado JJ, Jia J, et al. Single-Element Dual-Interferometer for Precision Inertial Sensing. Sensors. 2020; 20(17):4986. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174986

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yang, Yichao, Kohei Yamamoto, Victor Huarcaya, Christoph Vorndamme, Daniel Penkert, Germán Fernández Barranco, Thomas S. Schwarze, Moritz Mehmet, Juan Jose Esteban Delgado, Jianjun Jia, and et al. 2020. "Single-Element Dual-Interferometer for Precision Inertial Sensing" Sensors 20, no. 17: 4986. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174986

APA Style

Yang, Y., Yamamoto, K., Huarcaya, V., Vorndamme, C., Penkert, D., Fernández Barranco, G., Schwarze, T. S., Mehmet, M., Esteban Delgado, J. J., Jia, J., Heinzel, G., & Dovale Álvarez, M. (2020). Single-Element Dual-Interferometer for Precision Inertial Sensing. Sensors, 20(17), 4986. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174986

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