SAFE-MAC: Speed Aware Fairness Enabled MAC Protocol for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks†
1
IICT, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
2
Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
3
Department of Computer Science, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
This paper is an extended version of the conference paper: Siddik, M.A.; Moni, S.S.; Alam, M.S. An efficient MAC protocol for provisioning fairness in vehicle to roadside communications. In Proceedings of the 2016 9th International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (ICECE), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 20–22 December 2016.
Sensors 2019, 19(10), 2405; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19102405
Received: 1 April 2019 / Revised: 16 May 2019 / Accepted: 21 May 2019 / Published: 26 May 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vehicular Network Communications)
Highly dynamic geographical topology, two-direction mobility, and varying traffic density can lead to fairness issues in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). The Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol plays a vital role in sharing the common wireless channel efficiently between vehicles in a VANET system. However, ensuring fairness between vehicles can be a challenge in designing MAC protocols for VANET systems. The existing protocol, IEEE 802.11 DCF, ensures that the packet transmission rate for a particular vehicle is directly proportional to the amount of time a vehicle spends within a service area, but it does not guarantee that faster vehicles will be able to send the minimum number of packets. Other existing MAC protocols based on IEEE 802.11 are able to provide a minimum amount of data transmission regardless of velocity, but are unable to provide an amount of data transmission that is more proportionate to the time a vehicle spends in the service area. To address the above limitations, we propose a Speed Aware Fairness Enabled MAC (SAFE-MAC) protocol that calculates the residence time of a vehicle in a service area by using mobility metrics such as position, direction, and speed to synthesize the transmission probability of each individual vehicle with respect to its residence time. This is achieved by dynamically altering the values of parameters such as minimum contention window, maximum backoff stage, and retransmission limit in the MAC protocol. We then develop an analytical model to compare the performance of our proposed protocol with contemporary MAC protocols. Numerical analysis results show that our proposed protocol significantly improves fairness among the speed-varying vehicles in VANET.
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Keywords:
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET); Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I); MAC protocol; fairness; safety and non-safety applications
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Siddik, M.A.; Moni, S.S.; Alam, M.S.; Johnson, W.A. SAFE-MAC: Speed Aware Fairness Enabled MAC Protocol for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. Sensors 2019, 19, 2405. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19102405
AMA Style
Siddik MA, Moni SS, Alam MS, Johnson WA. SAFE-MAC: Speed Aware Fairness Enabled MAC Protocol for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. Sensors. 2019; 19(10):2405. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19102405
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiddik, Md. A.; Moni, Shafika S.; Alam, Mohammad S.; Johnson, William A. 2019. "SAFE-MAC: Speed Aware Fairness Enabled MAC Protocol for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks" Sensors 19, no. 10: 2405. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19102405
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