Effect of Antiparasitic Management of Cattle on the Diversity and Functional Structure of Dung Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Assemblages in the Colombian Caribbean
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Livestock Management
2.3. Sampling and Experimental Design
2.4. Dung Beetles’ Diversity, Identification, and Biomass
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Seasonal Differences in Dung Beetle Assemblages
3.2. Differences in Dung Beetle Assemblages between Livestock Treatments
3.3. Differences in Dung Beetle Relocation Guilds between Livestock Treatments
4. Discussion
4.1. Dung Beetles’ Assemblage Analysis in Tropical Dry Forests
4.2. Dung Beetles’ Assemblage Structure according to Seasonality
4.3. Negative Effects of Livestock Management and Antiparasitic Use
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SubFam/ Tribe | Species | FG | Livestock Management | Total (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No-IVM | Two-IVM 1% | Two-IVM 3.15% | |||||||
Ll | S | Ll | S | Ll | S | ||||
Aphodiinae | |||||||||
Aphodiini | Nialaphodius nigrita (Fabricius, 1801) | Ep | 55 | 334 | 6 | 1241 | 4 | 177 | 1817 (7.1) |
Xenoheptaulacus tricostatus (Harold, 1869) | Ep | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.0) | |
Eupariini | Ataenius crenulatus Schmidt, 1910 | Ep | 6235 | 160 | 4755 | 43 | 1712 | 15 | 12,920 (50.8) |
Ataenius complicatus Harold, 1869 | Ep | 57 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 81 (0.3) | |
Cartwrightia cartwrighti Cartwright, 1967 | Ep | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (0.0) | |
Scarabaeinae | |||||||||
Ateuchini | Ateuchus sp. 1 | Pp | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 (0.0) |
Uroxys sp. 1 | Pp | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0.0) | |
Uroxys sp. 2 | Pp | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.0) | |
Coprini | Canthidium sp. 1 | Pp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Dichotomius agenor (Harold, 1869) | Pg | 84 | 0 | 62 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 156 (0.6) | |
Dichotomius coenosus (Erichson, 1848) | Pg | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.0) | |
Deltochilini | Canthon juvencus Harold, 1868 | Tp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Canthon lituratus (Germar, 1813) | Tp | 33 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 50 (0.2) | |
Canthon mutabilis Lucas, 1859 | Tp | 43 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 75 | 0 | 129 (0.5) | |
Canthon septemmaculatus (Latreille, 1812) | Tm | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 | 0 | 73 (0.3) | |
Canthon sp. 1 | Tp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 (0.0) | |
Deltochilum guildingii (Westwood, 1835) | Tg | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) | |
Pseudocanthon xanthurus (Blanchard, 1846) | Tp | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) | |
Sylvicanthon aequinoctialis (Harold, 1868) | Tp | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) | |
Demarziellini | Trichillidium pilosum (Robinson, 1948) | Pp | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Oniticellini | Eurysternus impressicollis Castelnau, 1840 | Ep | 188 | 12 | 34 | 8 | 48 | 1 | 291 (1.1) |
Eurysternus mexicanus Harold, 1869 | Em | 67 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 13 | 1 | 98 (0.4) | |
Onthophagini | Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787) | Pm | 1453 | 54 | 808 | 30 | 502 | 18 | 2865 (11.3) |
Onthophagus bidentatus Drapiez, 1819 | Pp | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 8 (0.0) | |
Onthophagus buculus Mannerheim, 1829 | Pp | 39 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 53 (0.2) | |
Onthophagus clypeatus Blanchard, 1846 | Pp | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 (0.0) | |
Onthophagus marginicollis Harold, 1880 | Pp | 2469 | 6 | 3192 | 0 | 1188 | 0 | 6855 (26.9) | |
Phanaeini | Coprophanaeus gamezi Arnaud, 2002 | Pg | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) |
Diabroctis cadmus (Harold, 1868) | Pg | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 9 (0.0) | |
Phanaeus hermes Harold, 1868 | Pm | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.0) | |
Abundance | 10,753 | 581 | 8892 | 1330 | 3673 | 212 | 25,441 | ||
Richness | 25 | 11 | 14 | 9 | 17 | 5 | 30 | ||
Biomass (g) | 364.32 | 10.14 | 253.26 | 9.63 | 156.4 | 3.24 | 797.22 |
Livestock Management | Richness | Abundance | Biomass (g) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Guild | |||||||||
P | E | T | P | E | T | P | E | T | |
No-IVM | 13 | 7 | 6 | 4126 | 7119 | 89 | 331.8 | 37.3 | 5.4 |
Two-IVM 1% | 8 | 6 | 3 | 4101 | 6108 | 13 | 239.9 | 22.6 | 0.4 |
Two-IVM 3.15% | 8 | 5 | 4 | 1744 | 1986 | 155 | 136.9 | 9.6 | 13.3 |
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Tovar, H.L.; Correa, C.M.A.; Lumaret, J.-P.; López-Bedoya, P.A.; Navarro, B.; Tovar, V.; Noriega, J.A. Effect of Antiparasitic Management of Cattle on the Diversity and Functional Structure of Dung Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Assemblages in the Colombian Caribbean. Diversity 2023, 15, 555. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040555
Tovar HL, Correa CMA, Lumaret J-P, López-Bedoya PA, Navarro B, Tovar V, Noriega JA. Effect of Antiparasitic Management of Cattle on the Diversity and Functional Structure of Dung Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Assemblages in the Colombian Caribbean. Diversity. 2023; 15(4):555. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040555
Chicago/Turabian StyleTovar, Hernando L., César M. A. Correa, Jean-Pierre Lumaret, Pablo A. López-Bedoya, Blas Navarro, Valentina Tovar, and Jorge Ari Noriega. 2023. "Effect of Antiparasitic Management of Cattle on the Diversity and Functional Structure of Dung Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Assemblages in the Colombian Caribbean" Diversity 15, no. 4: 555. https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040555