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Volume 13
Issue 12
10.3390/d13120679
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Article

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Toxic for the Freshwater Mussel Unio ravoisieri: Evidence from a Multimarker Approach

by
Hanen Smii
1,
Abdelhafidh Khazri
1,
Manel Ben Ali
2,
Amine Mezni
3,
Amor Hedfi
2,
Bander Albogami
2,
Mohammed Almalki
2,
Octavian Pacioglu
4,
Hamouda Beyrem
1,
Fehmi Boufahja
1,* and
Mohamed Dellali
1
1
Coastal Ecology and Ecotoxicology Unit, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environment Biomonitoring, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis 7021, Tunisia
2
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
4
National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diversity 2021, 13(12), 679; https://doi.org/10.3390/d13120679
Submission received: 10 November 2021 / Revised: 12 December 2021 / Accepted: 14 December 2021 / Published: 17 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Diversity of Freshwater Invertebrates)
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Abstract

The current work investigated the ecotoxicological effects induced by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs), used at three different concentrations (C1 = 10 μg·L−1, C2 = 100 μg·L−1 and C3 = 1000 μg·L−1) in a laboratory experiment, on the freshwater mussel Unio ravoisieri. Biochemical analyses of gills and digestive glands revealed a stress-related disruption of the antioxidant system. The catalase activity and the rates of malonedialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide production were significantly higher in both organs following the exposure to TiO2 NPs and was concentration-dependent. In addition, based on the observed changes in acetylcholinesterase activity, it can be concluded that the disturbance threshold for the cholinergic system was less than 1 mg·L−1 of TiO2. Overall, the results suggest that the mussel Unio ravoisieri could be used as a sentinel species in monitoring surveys assessing the environmental impact of metallic nanoparticles in freshwater systems.
Keywords: TiO2 nanoparticles; biomonitoring; biomarkers; oxidative stress; bivalve; Unio ravoisieri TiO2 nanoparticles; biomonitoring; biomarkers; oxidative stress; bivalve; Unio ravoisieri

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MDPI and ACS Style

Smii, H.; Khazri, A.; Ben Ali, M.; Mezni, A.; Hedfi, A.; Albogami, B.; Almalki, M.; Pacioglu, O.; Beyrem, H.; Boufahja, F.; et al. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Toxic for the Freshwater Mussel Unio ravoisieri: Evidence from a Multimarker Approach. Diversity 2021, 13, 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13120679

AMA Style

Smii H, Khazri A, Ben Ali M, Mezni A, Hedfi A, Albogami B, Almalki M, Pacioglu O, Beyrem H, Boufahja F, et al. Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Toxic for the Freshwater Mussel Unio ravoisieri: Evidence from a Multimarker Approach. Diversity. 2021; 13(12):679. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13120679

Chicago/Turabian Style

Smii, Hanen, Abdelhafidh Khazri, Manel Ben Ali, Amine Mezni, Amor Hedfi, Bander Albogami, Mohammed Almalki, Octavian Pacioglu, Hamouda Beyrem, Fehmi Boufahja, and et al. 2021. "Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Toxic for the Freshwater Mussel Unio ravoisieri: Evidence from a Multimarker Approach" Diversity 13, no. 12: 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13120679

APA Style

Smii, H., Khazri, A., Ben Ali, M., Mezni, A., Hedfi, A., Albogami, B., Almalki, M., Pacioglu, O., Beyrem, H., Boufahja, F., & Dellali, M. (2021). Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Are Toxic for the Freshwater Mussel Unio ravoisieri: Evidence from a Multimarker Approach. Diversity, 13(12), 679. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13120679

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