Next Article in Journal
2-((4-(2-Ethylhexyl)-1,2,3,3a,4,8b-hexahydrocyclopenta[b]indol-7-yl)methylene)malononitrile
Next Article in Special Issue
4-Methyl-7-((2-((5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)ethyl)thio)-coumarin
Previous Article in Journal
2-((3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl)methyl)benzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one1,1-dioxide
Previous Article in Special Issue
Synthesis and Characterization of 3-Methyl-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)indeno [1,2-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-one
 
 
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Short Note

5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile

by
Konstantinos Paraskevas
,
Christos Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas
,
Eleftheria A. Georgiou
and
Ioannis K. Kostakis
*
Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molbank 2022, 2022(4), M1489; https://doi.org/10.3390/M1489
Submission received: 11 October 2022 / Revised: 4 November 2022 / Accepted: 7 November 2022 / Published: 10 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Collection Heterocycle Reactions)

Abstract

:
Xanthones and benzothiazoles are important classes of heterocyclic compounds with versatile biological activities. Herein, we describe a straightforward and scalable synthesis of 5-chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile, a thiazole-fused xanthone, via a six-step approach, using Appel’s salt for the synthesis of the thiazole ring. The thiazole-fused xanthone was fully characterized employing 1H and 13C NMR spectra, using direct and long-range heteronuclear correlation experiments (HMBC and HMQC).

Graphical Abstract

1. Introduction

Many compounds based on the tricyclic planar chromophore framework, fully or partially consisting of anthraquinone [1], xanthone [2], or acridine [3,4], show interesting cytostatic and antitumor properties. In addition, benzothiazole moiety is present in various natural or synthetic compounds possessing beneficial biological activities [5,6,7] such as anticancer [8], anti-viral [9], etc. (Figure 1).
We have been involved in the design, synthesis, and cytotoxic activity evaluation of a series of amino-substituted xanthones with a fused imidazole moiety [10]. These compounds have shown promising antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cells. While exploring the structure–activity relationships of this class of compounds, we have found that imidazole tautomerism is crucial for improving antiproliferative activity. Prompted by the considerations mentioned above, we decided to examine these two scaffolds further, and we herein describe the design of 5-chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile. In this compound, the imidazole ring of xantheno[3,4-d]imidazol-6(1(3)H)-one derivative has been replaced by the thiazole ring in order to have a better insight into the structure–activity relationships.

2. Results and Discussion

The synthetic procedure is depicted in Scheme 1. Our efforts focused on the development of a reliable and scalable procedure for the synthesis of xantheno[3,4-d]imidazol-6(1(3)H)-one, using simple starting materials and classic chemistry reactions; thus, several analogs could be obtained.
Commercially available ethyl salicylate (1) was used as a starting material which, upon treatment with 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (2), resulted in a mixture of isomeric esters 3 and 4 (23% and 64%, respectively), which were separated by column chromatography [11]. Each ester was identified by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra, using both direct and long-range heteronuclear correlation experiments (HMQC and HMBC). The structural identification was based on the observation that C-1′ of compound 3 exhibits a 2J coupling with two aromatic protons (i.e., H-2′ and H-6′) whilst C-1′ of compound 4 exhibits a 2J coupling only with H-6′ (Scheme S1, Supplementary Material). Ester 4 was then saponified under mild conditions, and the resulting carboxylic acid was cyclized to the corresponding xanthone 6 upon treatment with PPA. Reduction of the nitro derivative 6 to the aniline 7, followed by bromination upon treatment with Br2 in acetic acid, resulted in the bromoxanthone 8. The next step concerns the preparation of 5-chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile (10). For this purpose, 8 was reacted with Appel’s salt [12,13,14] to provide the N-arylimino-1,2,3-dithiazole 9, which was heated at 160 °C, using CuI as a catalyst, with Start E Milestone MW apparatus.
Imino compound 9 and thiazole compound 10 were isolated in pure forms by column chromatography. Their structure was unambiguously established by 1H and 13C NMR spectra, using both direct and long-range heteronuclear correlation experiments (HMBC and HMQC). Structural discrimination of the two compounds resulted from the characteristic chemical shifts of H-2 and H-4, respectively, in the 1H NMR spectra. More specifically, 1H NMR spectra of compound 10 showed a typical singlet at 8.40 ppm assigned to H-4, while in the case of compound 9, H-2 is shifted upfield by 0.48 ppm to 7.92 ppm. This may be attributed to the dithiazole group attached to the xanthone moiety. The characteristic signal of nitrile group at 112.89 ppm is also observed in the 13C NMR spectrum of compound 10, whilst, in the case of compound 9, we observe two peaks at 147.05 ppm and 165.65 ppm for C-5′ and C-4′, respectively. The HRMS of 10 was also obtained to further confirm the proposed structure determined by NMR spectra.

2.1. General

All commercially available reagents and solvents were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, Massachusetts, MA, USA) and used without any further purification. Melting points were determined on Büchi apparatus and were uncorrected. 1H NMR spectra and 2-D spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance 400 instrument, whereas 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AC 200 spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin GmbH—Rheinstetten, Germany). Spectra were obtained with samples dissolved in CDCl3 or DMSO-d6 and were referenced to TMS (d scale). Assignments of 1H and 13C NMR signals were unambiguously achieved with the help of D/H exchange and 2D techniques: COSY, NOESY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments. Flash chromatography was performed on Merck silica gel (40–63 μm) with the indicated solvent system using gradients of increasing polarity in most cases (Merck KGaA—Darmstadt, Germany). The reactions were monitored by analytical thin-layer chromatography (Merck pre-coated silica gel 60 F254 TLC plates, 0.25-mm layer thickness). Mass spectra were recorded on a UPLC Triple TOF-MS ((UPLC: Acquity of Waters (Milford, MA 01757, USA), SCIEX Triple TOF-MS 5600+ (Framingham, MA 01701, USA)).

2.1.1. Synthesis of Ethyl 2-(5-Chloro-2-nitrophenoxy)benzoate (4)

A suspension of ethyl salicylate (33.37 g, 201 mmol, 1), 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (38.4 g, 200 mmol, 2), K2CO3 (27.74 g, 201 mmol), and Cu2O (2.85 g, 20.1 mmol) in dry DMF (50 mL) was heated at 110 °C for 8 h, under an argon atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was vacuum evaporated, the residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, washed with water, dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of cyclohexane/EtOAc 100:5 as the eluent provided the title compounds 3 and 4 (23% and 64%, respectively).
Data of ethyl 2-(3-chloro-4-nitrophenoxy)benzoate (3): Mp 76–78 °C (Et2O-n-hexane); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ (ppm) 1.17 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H, CH2CH3), 4.25 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H, CH2CH3), 6.96 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H, H-2’), 6.84 (dd, J = 9.1 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H, H-6’), 7.16 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, H-3), 7.41 (dt, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.1Hz, 1H, H-4), 7.63 (dt, J = 8.0 Hz, 1.1 Hz, 1H, H-5), 7.98 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H, H-5’), 8.06 (dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, H-6); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 50 MHz) δ (ppm) 14.15 (CH2CH3), 61.45 (CH2CH3), 114.85 (C-6’), 118.85 (C-2′), 123.32 (C-3), 124.46 (C-1), 126.45 (C-4), 128.01 (C-5’), 129.74 (C-4’), 132.62 (C-6), 134.43 (C-5), 141.63 (C-3’), 152.86 (C-2), 162.16 (C-1’), 164.54 (CO).
Data of ethyl 2-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenoxy)benzoate (4): Mp. 87–89 °C (Et2O-n-hexane); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ (ppm) 1.16 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H, CH2CH3), 4.23 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H, CH2CH3), 6.71 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H, H-6’), 7.11 (dd, J = 8.9 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H, H-4’), 7.18 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H, H-3), 7.41 (dt, J = 8.1 Hz, 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-4), 7.63 (dt, J = 8.1 Hz, 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-5), 7.96 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H, H-3’), 8.03 (dd, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H, H-6); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 50 MHz) δ (ppm) 13.81 (CH2CH3), 61.42 (CH2CH3), 117.65 (C-6’), 122.21 (C-4′), 122.95 (C-3), 124.16 (C-1), 126.25 (C-5), 126.92 (C-2), 132.72 (C-6), 134.34 (C-4), 138.13 (C-2’), 140.20 (C-5’), 152.76 (C-1’, C-2), 164.45 (CO).

2.1.2. Synthesis of 1-Chloro-4-nitro-9H-xanthen-9-one (6)

A cold 40% NaOH solution (2 mL) was added dropwise to a suspension of 4 (1.29 g, 4 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL), and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature. for 30 min. After completion of the reaction, the solution was poured into ice water and acidified with 18% HCl solution (pH~2). The resulting 2-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyloxy)benzoic acid (5) was filtered, air-dried, and dissolved in hot polyphosphoric acid. The mixture was heated at 110 °C for 1h, and upon cooling, it was poured into ice water. The precipitate formed was filtered, air-dried, and purified by column chromatography (silica gel) using a mixture of CH2Cl2/cyclohexane 1:4–3:1 as the eluent, to afford 0.89 g (81%) of the title compound 6 [10]. Mp. 270 °C (EtOH). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ (ppm) 7.53 (td, J = 8.1 Hz, 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-7), 7.62 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H, H-5), 7.66 (d, J = 8.1Hz, 1H, H-2), 7.90 (dt, J = 8.1 Hz, 1.0 Hz, 1H, H-6), 8.14 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 Hz, 1H, H-8), 8.43 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H, H-3); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6, 50 MHz) δ (ppm) 118.35 (C-5), 120.44 (C-9a), 122.14 (C-8a), 125.76 (C-7), 126.67 (C-8), 126.74 (C-2), 130.42 (C-3), 136.51 (C-4), 136.61 (C-6), 138.87 (C-1), 150.07 (C-4a), 154.27 (C-10a), 174.29 (C-9).

2.1.3. Synthesis of 4-Amino-1-chloro-9H-xanthen-9-one (7)

SnCl2.2H2O (1.23 g, 5.46 mmol) was added to a suspension of 1-chloro-4-nitro-9H-xanthen-9-one (1 g, 3.64 mmol, 6) in HCl 36% (30 mL) at 0 °C, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 1 hr. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was allowed to cool down and poured into water. After basification (pH = 8–9) by the addition of 5% aqueous Na2CO3, the mixture was extracted with CH2Cl2 (3 × 30 mL), the combined organic solvents washed successively with water, dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of CH2Cl2 /EtOAc 6:1-4:1 as the eluent provided 0.68 g (76%) of the title compound 18. Mp. 219–221 °C (EtOAc); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm) 8.34 (dd, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (td, J = 8.0, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (t, J = 8.0, 1H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, H-2), 6.98 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H, H-3), 4.28 (s, D2O exch., 2H, NH2); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm) 176.17 (C-9), 154.68 (C-10a), 145.71 (C-4a), 135.05 (C-4), 134.58 (C-6), 127.21 (C-8), 126.61 (C-2), 124.31 (C-7), 122.54 (C-8a), 121.82 (C-1), 118.90 (C-9a), 118.16 (C-3), 117.25 (C-5).

2.1.4. Synthesis of 4-Amino-3-bromo-1-chloro-9H-xanthen-9-one (8)

A suspension of 4-amino-1-chloro-9H-xanthen-9-one (1.5 g, 6.11 mmol, 7) and bromine (0.6 mL, 6.3 mmol) in glacial acetic acid (10 mL) was irradiated for 8 min with Start E Milestone apparatus. The irradiation was programmed to obtain 80 °C. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was poured into ice water and washed with CH2Cl2 (3 × 40 mL). The combined organic phase was washed successively with 5% Na2CO3 solution, 5% Na2S2O3 solution, and water, dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of cyclohexane/EtOAc 6:1-2:1 as the eluent provided 1.85 g (93%) of the title compound 8. Mp 204–207 °C (EtOAc); 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 8.12 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-8), 7.88 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-6), 7.76 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-5), 7.51 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.47 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-7), 6.07 (s, D2O exch., 2H, NH2); 13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 174.96 (C-9), 154.34 (C-10a), 144.43 (C-4a), 135.95 (C-4), 135.23 (C-6), 128.76 (C-2), 125.92 (C-8), 124.64 (C-7), 121.44 (C-1, C-8a), 118.05 (C-5), 116.88 (C-9a), 109.09 (C-3).

2.1.5. Synthesis of 3-Bromo-1-chloro-4-((4-chloro-5H-1,2,3-dithiazol-5-ylidene)amino)-9H-xanthen-9-one (9)

4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (3.8 g, 18 a mmol, Appel’s salt) and pyridine (7.4 mL, 35 mmol) were added to a solution of 4-amino-3-bromo-1-chloro-9H-xanthen-9-one (5.55 g, 17 mmol, 8) in anh. CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 days. After completion of the reaction, the solution was successively washed with water, dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica gel) using a mixture of cyclohexane/EtOAc 4:1–2:1 as the eluent to provide 8.5 g (93%) of the title compound 9. Mp. 241.7–243 °C (EtOAc); 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 8.13 (dd, J = 7.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H, H-8), 7.92 (s, 1H, H-2), 7.86 (td, J = 7.9, 1.5 Hz, 1H, H-6), 7.59 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-5), 7.48 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-7). 13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 174.93 (C-9), 165.65 (C-5′), 154.46 (C-10a), 147.05 (C-4′), 145.94 (C-4a), 138.97 (C-4), 136.09 (C-6), 130.16 (C-2), 129.22 (C-3), 126.49 (C-8), 125.57 (C-7), 122.14 (C-8a), 119.29 (C-1), 118.86 (C-9a), 118.54 (C-5).

2.1.6. Synthesis of 5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile (10)

A suspension of compound 9 (1.5 g, 3.26 mmol) and CuI (1.26 g, 6.6 mmol) in dry pyridine (10 mL) was irradiated for 2 min with Start E Milestone apparatus. The irradiation was programmed to obtain 160 °C. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was vacuum evaporated, the residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2, filtered through a Celite pad, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness. Flash chromatography on silica gel using a mixture of cyclohexane/EtOAc 8:1 as the eluent provided 0.78 g (77%) of the title compound 10. Mp. 275 °C (EtOAc); 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 8.40 (s, 1H, H-4), 8.18 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-7), 7.92 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-9), 7.80 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-10), 7.56 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H, H-8). 13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ (ppm) 174.04 (C-6), 153.93 (C-10a), 151.33 (C-11a), 141.32 (C-2), 140.70 (C-4a), 138.79 (C-5), 135.67 (C-9), 132.06 (C-11b), 126.10 (C-7), 125.46 (C-8), 122.26 (C-6a), 120.23 (C-4), 118.00 (C-10), 116.10 (C-5a), 112.89 (CN). HRMS (ESI) calculated for C15H5ClN2O2S + H+ [Μ + H+]: 312.9833. Found: 312.9822.

3. Conclusions

5-chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile, a thiazole-fused xanthone, was synthesized. The methodology described herein comprises six steps, with a 26% overall yield. The methodology described herein is straightforward and scalable; thus, it could be used to synthesize several analogs of this scaffold.

Supplementary Materials

The following material is available online. Scheme S1: Structural Discrimination of compounds 3 and 4; Figure S1: 1H NMR spectrum of compound 4; Figure S2: HMBC spectrum of compound 4; Figure S3: HMQC spectrum of compound 4; Figure S4: 1H NMR spectrum of compound 8; Figure S5: 1H NMR spectrum of compound 9; Figure S6: 1H NMR spectrum of compound 10; Figure S7: 13C NMR spectrum of compound 8; Figure S8: 13C NMR spectrum of compound 9; Figure S9: 13C NMR spectrum of compound 10; Figure S10: HMBC spectrum of compound 10; Figure S11: HMQC spectrum of compound 10; Figure S12: COSY spectrum of compound 10.

Author Contributions

Design, conception, and writing, I.K.K.; synthesis, structure elucidation, and NMR studies, K.P., C.I.-T. and E.A.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

The data presented in this study are available in this article.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Sample Availability

Samples of the compounds are available from the authors.

References

  1. Malik, M.S.; Alsantali, R.I.; Jassas, R.S.; Alsimaree, A.A.; Syed, R.; Alsharif, M.A.; Kalpana, K.; Morad, M.; Althagafi, I.I.; Ahmed, S.A. Journey of Anthraquinones as Anticancer Agents—A Systematic Review of Recent Literature. RSC Adv. 2021, 11, 35806–35827. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. Georgakopoulos, A.; Kalampaliki, A.D.; Gioti, K.; Hamdoun, S.; Giannopoulou, A.F.; Efferth, T.; Stravopodis, D.J.; Tenta, R.; Marakos, P.; Pouli, N.; et al. Synthesis of Novel Xanthone and Acridone Carboxamides with Potent Antiproliferative Activities. Arab. J. Chem. 2020, 13, 7953–7969. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  3. Zhang, Q.; Yu, X. Current Scenario of Acridine Hybrids with Anticancer Potential. CTMC 2021, 21, 1773–1786. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  4. Kostakis, I.K.; Magiatis, P.; Pouli, N.; Marakos, P.; Skaltsounis, A.-L.; Pratsinis, H.; Leonce, S.; Pierre, A. Design, synthesis, and antiproliferative activity of some new pyrazole-fused amino derivatives of the pyranoxanthenone, pyranothioxanthenone, and pyranoacridone ring systems: A new class of cytotoxic agents. J. Med. Chem. 2002, 45, 2599–2609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  5. Frasinyuk, M.; Chhabria, D.; Kartsev, V.; Dilip, H.; Sirakanyan, S.N.; Kirubakaran, S.; Petrou, A.; Geronikaki, A.; Spinelli, D. Benzothiazole and Chromone Derivatives as Potential ATR Kinase Inhibitors and Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2022, 27, 4637. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  6. Sharma, P.C.; Sinhmar, A.; Sharma, A.; Rajak, H.; Pathak, D.P. Medicinal significance of benzothiazole scaffold: An insight view. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem. 2013, 28, 240–266. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  7. Bhat, M.; Belagali, S.L. Structural Activity Relationship and Importance of Benzothiazole Derivatives in Medicinal Chemistry: A Comprehensive Review. Mini-Rev. Org. Chem. 2020, 17, 323–350. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  8. Fruit, C.; Couly, F.; Bhansali, R.; Rammohan, M.; Lindberg, M.F.; Crispino, J.D.; Meijer, L.; Besson, T. Biological Characterization of 8-Cyclopropyl-2-(Pyridin-3-Yl)Thiazolo[5,4-f]Quinazolin-9(8H)-One, a Promising Inhibitor of DYRK1A. Pharmaceuticals 2019, 12, 185. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
  9. Petrou, A.; Zagaliotis, P.; Theodoroula, N.F.; Mystridis, G.A.; Vizirianakis, I.S.; Walsh, T.J.; Geronikaki, A. Thiazole/Thiadiazole/Benzothiazole Based Thiazolidin-4-One Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of Main Protease of SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2022, 27, 2180. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  10. Giannouli, V.; Kostakis, I.K.; Pouli, N.; Marakos, P.; Kousidou, O.C.; Tzanakakis, G.N.; Karamanos, N.K. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the Antiproliferative Activity of a Series of Novel Fused Xanthenone Aminoderivatives in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J. Med. Chem. 2007, 50, 1716–1719. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  11. Kostakis, I.K.; Tenta, R.; Pouli, N.; Marakos, P.; Skaltsounis, A.-L.; Pratsinis, H.; Kletsas, D. Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Activity of Some Novel Aminosubstituted Xanthenones, Able to Overcome Multidrug Resistance toward MES-SA/Dx5 Cells. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2005, 15, 5057–5060. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  12. Kalogirou, A.; Koutentis, P. The Reaction of 4,5-Dichloro-1,2,3-Dithiazolium Chloride with Sulfimides: A New Synthesis of N-Aryl-1,2,3-Dithiazolimines. Molecules 2009, 14, 2356–2362. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
  13. Letribot, B.; Delatouche, R.; Rouillard, H.; Bonnet, A.; Chérouvrier, J.-R.; Domon, L.; Besson, T.; Thiéry, V. Synthesis of 2-Mercapto-(2-Oxoindolin-3-Ylidene)Acetonitriles from 3-(4-Chloro-5H-1,2,3-Dithiazol-5-Ylidene)Indolin-2-ones. Molecules 2018, 23, 1390. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
  14. Cuadro, A.M.; Alvarez-Buila, J. 4,5-Dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (Appel’s Salt): Reactions with N-nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 1994, 50, 10037–10046. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Figure 1. Benzothiazole- and imidazole-fused xanthones of interest. Tautomerism of xantheno[3,4-d]imidazol-6(1(3)H)-one.
Figure 1. Benzothiazole- and imidazole-fused xanthones of interest. Tautomerism of xantheno[3,4-d]imidazol-6(1(3)H)-one.
Molbank 2022 m1489 g001
Scheme 1. Reagents and conditions: (a) Cu2O, K2CO3, DMF dry, 110 °C, 8h; (b) 40% NaOH; (c) PPA, 110 °C; (d) SnCl2.2H2O; (e) Br2, CH3COOH, 80 °C; (f) Appel’s salt, pyridine, RT; (g) CuI, pyridine, 160 °C.
Scheme 1. Reagents and conditions: (a) Cu2O, K2CO3, DMF dry, 110 °C, 8h; (b) 40% NaOH; (c) PPA, 110 °C; (d) SnCl2.2H2O; (e) Br2, CH3COOH, 80 °C; (f) Appel’s salt, pyridine, RT; (g) CuI, pyridine, 160 °C.
Molbank 2022 m1489 sch001
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Paraskevas, K.; Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas, C.; Georgiou, E.A.; Kostakis, I.K. 5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile. Molbank 2022, 2022, M1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1489

AMA Style

Paraskevas K, Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas C, Georgiou EA, Kostakis IK. 5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile. Molbank. 2022; 2022(4):M1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1489

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paraskevas, Konstantinos, Christos Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas, Eleftheria A. Georgiou, and Ioannis K. Kostakis. 2022. "5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile" Molbank 2022, no. 4: M1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1489

APA Style

Paraskevas, K., Iliopoulos-Tsoutsouvas, C., Georgiou, E. A., & Kostakis, I. K. (2022). 5-Chloro-6-oxo-6H-xantheno[4,3-d]thiazole-2-carbonitrile. Molbank, 2022(4), M1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/M1489

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop