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Volume 27
Issue 11
10.3390/ijms27114939
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Proteomic Signatures of Adiposomes Track Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery

by
Monica C. Asada
1,†,
Mohamed Saad Rakab
2,†,
Imaduddin Mirza
1,
Giorgia Scichilone
1,
Mohammed H. Morsy
1,
Amro Mostafa
3,
Francesco M. Bianco
4,
Mohamed M. Ali
5,
Chandra Hassan
4,
Mario A. Masrur
4 and
Abeer M. Mahmoud
1,6,*
1
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
2
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
3
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
4
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
5
Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
6
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(11), 4939; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27114939
Submission received: 31 March 2026 / Revised: 27 May 2026 / Accepted: 28 May 2026 / Published: 29 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Proteomics in Human Diseases and Infections: 2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Adipose tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (adiposomes) carry a protein cargo that we previously showed differs between obese and lean individuals. In this study, we investigate how adiposomal protein cargo changes in response to sleeve gastrectomy and examine whether these changes are associated with clinical improvements. Twenty-three obese adults underwent pre- and post-bariatric surgery adipose sampling for adiposome isolation and clinical assessments that included vascular and metabolic profiles and inflammatory markers. The adiposomal protein cargo was analyzed via non-targeted proteomics. Differential protein abundance, pathway enrichment, and correlation analyses were assessed. Twelve weeks after bariatric surgery, BMI and fat mass decreased, accompanied by improved glucose and lipid profiles. Inflammatory markers (leptin, IL-6, CRP) also declined, while adiponectin and nitric oxide increased. Adiposomal proteomics identified 287 proteins, with 138 significantly altered. Downregulated proteins included PRDX2, FN1, SERPIND1, and inflammatory mediators; upregulated proteins included talin-1, fibrinogens, and adiponectin. Correlation analysis linked these changes to improvements in lipid profiles, vascular function, and circulating inflammatory markers. Pathway analysis revealed inhibition of lipid-regulatory pathways alongside enrichment of immune, metabolic, and vascular pathways, including lipoprotein metabolism and endothelial signaling. Bariatric surgery-induced cardiometabolic improvements were accompanied by adiposome proteomic remodeling, characterized by reduced inflammation and metabolic reprogramming.
Keywords: adiposomes; bariatric surgery; extracellular vesicles; obesity; proteomics; subcutaneous adipose tissue; inflammation; endothelial dysfunction; lipid metabolism; machine learning adiposomes; bariatric surgery; extracellular vesicles; obesity; proteomics; subcutaneous adipose tissue; inflammation; endothelial dysfunction; lipid metabolism; machine learning

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Asada, M.C.; Rakab, M.S.; Mirza, I.; Scichilone, G.; Morsy, M.H.; Mostafa, A.; Bianco, F.M.; Ali, M.M.; Hassan, C.; Masrur, M.A.; et al. Proteomic Signatures of Adiposomes Track Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27114939

AMA Style

Asada MC, Rakab MS, Mirza I, Scichilone G, Morsy MH, Mostafa A, Bianco FM, Ali MM, Hassan C, Masrur MA, et al. Proteomic Signatures of Adiposomes Track Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(11):4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27114939

Chicago/Turabian Style

Asada, Monica C., Mohamed Saad Rakab, Imaduddin Mirza, Giorgia Scichilone, Mohammed H. Morsy, Amro Mostafa, Francesco M. Bianco, Mohamed M. Ali, Chandra Hassan, Mario A. Masrur, and et al. 2026. "Proteomic Signatures of Adiposomes Track Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 11: 4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27114939

APA Style

Asada, M. C., Rakab, M. S., Mirza, I., Scichilone, G., Morsy, M. H., Mostafa, A., Bianco, F. M., Ali, M. M., Hassan, C., Masrur, M. A., & Mahmoud, A. M. (2026). Proteomic Signatures of Adiposomes Track Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction Following Bariatric Surgery. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(11), 4939. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27114939

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