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Volume 27
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10.3390/ijms27010297
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Metabolic and Antioxidant Modulation by Artemisia indica Willd. Aqueous Extract in Glucose and Cholesterol Dysregulation

by
Chiao-Yun Tseng
1,†,
Yueching Wong
1,†,
Charng-Cherng Chyau
2,
Yu-Hsuan Liang
1,
Hui-Hsuan Lin
3,‡ and
Jing-Hsien Chen
1,4,*,‡
1
Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
2
Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, No. 1018, Sec. 6, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan
3
Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
4
Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(1), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010297 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 4 November 2025 / Revised: 24 December 2025 / Accepted: 24 December 2025 / Published: 27 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidants in the Prevention of Human Diseases, 2nd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Artemisia indica Willd., a traditional medicinal and dietary herb, has been widely recognized for its diverse bioactivities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Artemisia indica Willd. aqueous extract (AAE) on dysglycemia and dyslipidemia. HPLC–ESI–MS/MS analysis identified 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid as the major active constituent of AAE. BALB/cByJNarl mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection were supplemented with AAE for 6 weeks. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we examined multiple metabolic pathways, including oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and the polyol pathway. AAE administration attenuated fasting blood glucose and reduced fructosamine levels and also ameliorated protein kinase C α (PKC-α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression. Histopathological evaluation showed that AAE reduced lipid accumulation by modulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) expression. Additionally, AAE inhibited polyol pathway activation and restored antioxidant enzyme activities. Collectively, these findings indicate that AAE modulates glucose and cholesterol metabolism, attenuates oxidative stress, and improves metabolic homeostasis, supporting its potential as a natural herbal therapeutic agent.
Keywords: Artemisia indica Willd.; glucose dysregulation; cholesterol dysregulation; polyol pathway; antioxidant activity Artemisia indica Willd.; glucose dysregulation; cholesterol dysregulation; polyol pathway; antioxidant activity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tseng, C.-Y.; Wong, Y.; Chyau, C.-C.; Liang, Y.-H.; Lin, H.-H.; Chen, J.-H. Metabolic and Antioxidant Modulation by Artemisia indica Willd. Aqueous Extract in Glucose and Cholesterol Dysregulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010297

AMA Style

Tseng C-Y, Wong Y, Chyau C-C, Liang Y-H, Lin H-H, Chen J-H. Metabolic and Antioxidant Modulation by Artemisia indica Willd. Aqueous Extract in Glucose and Cholesterol Dysregulation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(1):297. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010297

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tseng, Chiao-Yun, Yueching Wong, Charng-Cherng Chyau, Yu-Hsuan Liang, Hui-Hsuan Lin, and Jing-Hsien Chen. 2026. "Metabolic and Antioxidant Modulation by Artemisia indica Willd. Aqueous Extract in Glucose and Cholesterol Dysregulation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 1: 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010297

APA Style

Tseng, C.-Y., Wong, Y., Chyau, C.-C., Liang, Y.-H., Lin, H.-H., & Chen, J.-H. (2026). Metabolic and Antioxidant Modulation by Artemisia indica Willd. Aqueous Extract in Glucose and Cholesterol Dysregulation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(1), 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27010297

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