Dual-Mode Antibacterial Orthodontic Composite: Contact-Killing QACs and Sustained CHX Release via Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of Different Nanoparticles (MSN, LMSN, QLMSN, and QLMSN@CHX)
2.1.1. TEM
2.1.2. FTIR
2.1.3. Drug Loading Release and Surface Graft Stability of Modified Macroporous Silica
2.1.4. Antibacterial Property Analysis
2.2. Analysis of Dual-Mode Antimicrobial
2.3. Resin Mechanical Properties
2.3.1. Modulus of Elasticity and Bending Performance
2.3.2. Shear Bond Strength
2.3.3. Water Absorption
2.3.4. Resin Residual Index (ARI)
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Synthesis of Large-Pore-Size Mesoporous Silica (LMSN)
4.2. Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium-Modified Mesoporous Silica (QLMSN)
4.3. Preparation of Chlorhexidine-Loaded QLMSN (QLMSN@CHX)
4.4. Characterization of LMSN, QLMSN, and QLMSN@CHX
4.4.1. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
4.4.2. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)
4.4.3. Thermogravimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA)
4.4.4. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)
4.4.5. Stability of QLMSN
4.4.6. Chlorhexidine Acetate Release from QLMSN@CHX
4.5. Cytotoxicity Test
4.6. Synthesis of the Composite Resin
4.7. Bacteria Inoculation and Biofilm Formation
4.8. Bacterial Counting Experiment
4.9. Agar Diffusion Assay for Antibacterial Activity
4.9.1. MTT Biofilm Assay
4.9.2. Live/Dead Bacterial Detection
4.10. Test of Resin Mechanical Properties
4.10.1. Modulus of Elasticity
4.10.2. Test of Shear Bond Strength
4.10.3. Resin Water Absorption
4.10.4. Adhesive Residue Index (ARI)
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
6. Patents
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ARI | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | M (P25, P75) | p | |
3M | 1 | 4 | 17 | 8 | 2 (2, 3) | a |
Control | 6 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 1 (2, 3) | a |
5 wt% QLMSN@CHX | 1 | 2 | 18 | 19 | 2 (2, 3) | a |
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Teng, X.; Cao, Y.; Mao, J.; Luo, X. Dual-Mode Antibacterial Orthodontic Composite: Contact-Killing QACs and Sustained CHX Release via Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 6172. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136172
Teng X, Cao Y, Mao J, Luo X. Dual-Mode Antibacterial Orthodontic Composite: Contact-Killing QACs and Sustained CHX Release via Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(13):6172. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136172
Chicago/Turabian StyleTeng, Xiaotian, Yingguang Cao, Jing Mao, and Xiaojuan Luo. 2025. "Dual-Mode Antibacterial Orthodontic Composite: Contact-Killing QACs and Sustained CHX Release via Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13: 6172. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136172
APA StyleTeng, X., Cao, Y., Mao, J., & Luo, X. (2025). Dual-Mode Antibacterial Orthodontic Composite: Contact-Killing QACs and Sustained CHX Release via Large-Pore Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(13), 6172. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136172