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Article

Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

by
Marko Zlendić
1,†,
Ema Vrbanović Đuričić
1,*,
Koraljka Gall Trošelj
2,
Marko Tomljanović
2,
Kristina Vuković Đerfi
3 and
Iva Z. Alajbeg
1,4,*,†
1
Department of Removable Prosthodontics, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Gundulićeva 5, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
3
Laboratory for Personalized Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
4
Department of Dentistry, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(16), 8730; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168730
Submission received: 10 July 2024 / Revised: 7 August 2024 / Accepted: 8 August 2024 / Published: 10 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Molecular Mechanisms of Chronic Pain)
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Abstract

This case-control study investigated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes (CXC motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8): rs2227306 and rs2227307 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF): rs1800629) in 85 patients with pain-related temporomandibular disorders (TMDp) and 85 controls to explore their associations with TMDp presence, pain intensity (low/high), and the presence of chronic arthralgia/myalgia. TMDp was diagnosed using a validated protocol, and polymorphisms were genotyped from buccal mucosa swabs using TaqMan assays. High pain intensity individuals had an increased risk for carrying minor allele “G” (rs2227307) and “T” (rs2227306) compared to controls (76% vs. 55.3%, p = 0.012; 72% vs. 54.1%, p = 0.030, respectively). Carriers of the minor allele “G” (rs2227307) were more prevalent in TMDp patients with arthralgia compared to controls (70.30% vs. 55.30%, p = 0.037). According to logistic regression, the most important predictors for high pain intensity were minor allele “G” of rs2227307 (OR 2.435, 95% CI 1.123–5.282), increasing age (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.002–1.075), and female sex (OR 4.592, 95% CI 1.289–16.361). The explored gene polymorphisms were not significant risk factors for TMDp presence. These findings highlight the importance of genetic variations, particularly rs2227307, in understanding the diverse clinical manifestations of temporomandibular disorders.
Keywords: inflammation; cytokines; interleukin-8; single nucleotide polymorphism; chronic pain; temporomandibular disorders inflammation; cytokines; interleukin-8; single nucleotide polymorphism; chronic pain; temporomandibular disorders

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zlendić, M.; Vrbanović Đuričić, E.; Gall Trošelj, K.; Tomljanović, M.; Vuković Đerfi, K.; Alajbeg, I.Z. Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168730

AMA Style

Zlendić M, Vrbanović Đuričić E, Gall Trošelj K, Tomljanović M, Vuković Đerfi K, Alajbeg IZ. Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(16):8730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168730

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zlendić, Marko, Ema Vrbanović Đuričić, Koraljka Gall Trošelj, Marko Tomljanović, Kristina Vuković Đerfi, and Iva Z. Alajbeg. 2024. "Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 16: 8730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168730

APA Style

Zlendić, M., Vrbanović Đuričić, E., Gall Trošelj, K., Tomljanović, M., Vuković Đerfi, K., & Alajbeg, I. Z. (2024). Genetic Influences of Proinflammatory Cytokines on Pain Severity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(16), 8730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25168730

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