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Article

DNA Methylation Mediates Sperm Quality via piwil1 and piwil2 Regulation in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

by
Wenyu Zong
1,
Yapeng Wang
1,
Lingqun Zhang
1,
Wei Lu
1,
Weigang Li
1,
Fengchi Wang
1 and
Jie Cheng
1,2,3,*
1
MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
2
Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
3
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(11), 5935; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115935
Submission received: 11 April 2024 / Revised: 26 May 2024 / Accepted: 27 May 2024 / Published: 29 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Gamete and Embryo Quality: Molecular Advances and Biotechnological Applications)
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Abstract

DNA methylation is an important way to regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. In order to reveal the role of DNA methylation in the regulation of germ cell-specific piwi gene expression during spermatogenesis of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), the expression profiles of piwil1 (piwi-like 1) and piwil2 (piwi-like 2) genes in the gonads of female, male, and sex-reversed pseudo-male P. olivaceus were analyzed, and the dynamic of DNA methylation was investigated. As a result, piwil1 and piwil2 genes were highly expressed in the testis of both male and pseudo-male P. olivaceus, with significant variation among male individuals. The DNA methylation levels in the promoter regions of both piwil1 and piwil2 were negatively correlated with their expression levels, which may contribute to the transcriptional regulation of piwi genes during spermatogenesis. There was also sperm quality variation among male P. olivaceus, and the sperm curvilinear velocity was positively correlated with the expression of both piwil1 and piwil2 genes. These results indicated that the DNA methylation in piwil1 and piwil2 promoter regions may affect the initiation of piwi gene transcription, thereby regulating gene expression and further affecting the spermatogenesis process and gamete quality in P. olivaceus.
Keywords: DNA methylation; Paralichthys olivaceus; piwi gene; sperm quality; sex reversal DNA methylation; Paralichthys olivaceus; piwi gene; sperm quality; sex reversal

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zong, W.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, L.; Lu, W.; Li, W.; Wang, F.; Cheng, J. DNA Methylation Mediates Sperm Quality via piwil1 and piwil2 Regulation in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5935. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115935

AMA Style

Zong W, Wang Y, Zhang L, Lu W, Li W, Wang F, Cheng J. DNA Methylation Mediates Sperm Quality via piwil1 and piwil2 Regulation in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(11):5935. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115935

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zong, Wenyu, Yapeng Wang, Lingqun Zhang, Wei Lu, Weigang Li, Fengchi Wang, and Jie Cheng. 2024. "DNA Methylation Mediates Sperm Quality via piwil1 and piwil2 Regulation in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 11: 5935. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115935

APA Style

Zong, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Lu, W., Li, W., Wang, F., & Cheng, J. (2024). DNA Methylation Mediates Sperm Quality via piwil1 and piwil2 Regulation in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(11), 5935. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115935

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