Next Article in Journal
Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes
Next Article in Special Issue
Probing Gut Participation in Parkinson’s Disease Pathology and Treatment via Stem Cell Therapy
Previous Article in Journal
Overexpression of miR-4669 Enhances Tumor Aggressiveness and Generates an Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Its Clinical Value as a Predictive Biomarker
Previous Article in Special Issue
Pediatric-Onset Epilepsy and Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathies Followed by Early-Onset Parkinsonism
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
IJMS
Volume 24
Issue 9
10.3390/ijms24097909
ijms-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Ultrastructural and Molecular Investigation on Peripheral Leukocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients

by
Roberta Giannelli
1,
Paola Canale
1,2,
Renata Del Carratore
1,*,
Alessandra Falleni
2,
Margherita Bernardeschi
3,
Francesca Forini
1,
Elisa Biagi
4,
Olivia Curzio
1 and
Paolo Bongioanni
5,6
1
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
2
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
3
Italian Institute of Technology, Center for Materials Interfaces, Smart Bio-Interfaces, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
4
BMS Multispecialistic Biobank-Biobank Unit, AOUP—Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
5
Severe Acquired Brain Injuries Dpt Section, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56100 Pisa, Italy
6
NeuroCare Onlus, 56100 Pisa, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(9), 7909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097909
Submission received: 31 March 2023 / Revised: 19 April 2023 / Accepted: 24 April 2023 / Published: 26 April 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases 3.0)
Browse Figures
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Thriving literature underlines white blood cell involvement in the inflammatory processes of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Among leukocytes, lymphocytes have been considered sentinels of neuroinflammation for years, but recent findings highlighted the pivotal role of neutrophils. Since neutrophils that infiltrate the brain through the brain vascular vessels may affect the immune function of microglia in the brain, a close investigation of the interaction between these cells is important in understanding neuroinflammatory phenomena and the immunological aftermaths that follow. This study aimed to observe how peripheral leukocyte features change at different stages of AD to identify potential molecular markers when the first features of pathological neurodegeneration arise. For this purpose, the examined patients were divided into Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and severely impaired patients (DAT) based on their Cognitive Dementia Rating (CDR). The evaluation of the neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio and the morphology and function of leukocytes showed a close relationship between the ultrastructural and the molecular features in AD progression and suggested putative markers for the early stages of the disease.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; neutrophils; ultrastructure; endoplasmic reticulum; neurodegeneration; blood biomarkers Alzheimer’s disease; neutrophils; ultrastructure; endoplasmic reticulum; neurodegeneration; blood biomarkers

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Giannelli, R.; Canale, P.; Del Carratore, R.; Falleni, A.; Bernardeschi, M.; Forini, F.; Biagi, E.; Curzio, O.; Bongioanni, P. Ultrastructural and Molecular Investigation on Peripheral Leukocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097909

AMA Style

Giannelli R, Canale P, Del Carratore R, Falleni A, Bernardeschi M, Forini F, Biagi E, Curzio O, Bongioanni P. Ultrastructural and Molecular Investigation on Peripheral Leukocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(9):7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097909

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giannelli, Roberta, Paola Canale, Renata Del Carratore, Alessandra Falleni, Margherita Bernardeschi, Francesca Forini, Elisa Biagi, Olivia Curzio, and Paolo Bongioanni. 2023. "Ultrastructural and Molecular Investigation on Peripheral Leukocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9: 7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097909

APA Style

Giannelli, R., Canale, P., Del Carratore, R., Falleni, A., Bernardeschi, M., Forini, F., Biagi, E., Curzio, O., & Bongioanni, P. (2023). Ultrastructural and Molecular Investigation on Peripheral Leukocytes in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(9), 7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097909

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop