Coinfection of Porcine Circovirus 2 and Pseudorabies Virus Enhances Immunosuppression and Inflammation through NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NLRP3 Pathways
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Inhibit Each Other
2.2. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Inhibits the Expression of IFN-β, IRF3, and ISG56/IFIT1 but Promotes the Expression of IFN-γ, IFN-λ1, IRF7, and ISG15
2.3. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Suppress JAK1- and STAT1-Related JAK/STAT Pathways
2.4. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Modulates NF-κB Signal Pathway
2.5. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Modulates Expressions of Host Pro-Inflammatory Factors
2.6. Coinfection of PCV2 and PRV Activates Inflammatory and Immune via p38 and JNK1/2
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Cells and Virus
3.2. Viral Infection
3.3. Real-Time PCR
3.4. Western Blotting
3.5. Statistical Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Li, X.; Chen, S.; Zhang, L.; Niu, G.; Zhang, X.; Yang, L.; Ji, W.; Ren, L. Coinfection of Porcine Circovirus 2 and Pseudorabies Virus Enhances Immunosuppression and Inflammation through NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NLRP3 Pathways. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 4469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084469
Li X, Chen S, Zhang L, Niu G, Zhang X, Yang L, Ji W, Ren L. Coinfection of Porcine Circovirus 2 and Pseudorabies Virus Enhances Immunosuppression and Inflammation through NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NLRP3 Pathways. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(8):4469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084469
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Xue, Si Chen, Liying Zhang, Guyu Niu, Xinwei Zhang, Lin Yang, Weilong Ji, and Linzhu Ren. 2022. "Coinfection of Porcine Circovirus 2 and Pseudorabies Virus Enhances Immunosuppression and Inflammation through NF-κB, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NLRP3 Pathways" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8: 4469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084469