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Volume 23
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10.3390/ijms23084135
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Review

A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine

by
Luigia Fonticoli
1,
Ylenia Della Rocca
1,
Thangavelu Soundara Rajan
2,
Giovanna Murmura
1,
Oriana Trubiani
1,
Stefano Oliva
1,
Jacopo Pizzicannella
3,*,
Guya Diletta Marconi
4,† and
Francesca Diomede
1,†
1
Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
2
Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, India
3
Ss. Annunziata Hospital, ASL 02 Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
4
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(8), 4135; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084135
Submission received: 24 December 2021 / Revised: 5 April 2022 / Accepted: 7 April 2022 / Published: 8 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role and Application of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine 3.0)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The gingival tissue can be collected in an easy way and represent an accessible source to isolate gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). GMSCs are a subpopulation of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells that show the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) features, such as differentiation abilities and immunomodulatory properties. Dental-derived stem cells are also expandable in vitro with genomic stability and the possibility to maintain the stemness properties over a prolonged period of passages. Moreover, several preclinical studies have documented that the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from GMSCs possess similar biological functions and therapeutic effects. The EVs may represent a promising tool in the cell-free regenerative therapy approach. The present review paper summarized the GMSCs, their multi-lineage differentiation capacities, immunomodulatory features, and the potential use in the treatment of several diseases in order to stimulate tissue regeneration. GMSCs should be considered a good stem cell source for potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry.
Keywords: human gingival mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative medicine; stem cells niche; biomaterials human gingival mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative medicine; stem cells niche; biomaterials

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Fonticoli, L.; Della Rocca, Y.; Rajan, T.S.; Murmura, G.; Trubiani, O.; Oliva, S.; Pizzicannella, J.; Marconi, G.D.; Diomede, F. A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 4135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084135

AMA Style

Fonticoli L, Della Rocca Y, Rajan TS, Murmura G, Trubiani O, Oliva S, Pizzicannella J, Marconi GD, Diomede F. A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(8):4135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084135

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fonticoli, Luigia, Ylenia Della Rocca, Thangavelu Soundara Rajan, Giovanna Murmura, Oriana Trubiani, Stefano Oliva, Jacopo Pizzicannella, Guya Diletta Marconi, and Francesca Diomede. 2022. "A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 8: 4135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084135

APA Style

Fonticoli, L., Della Rocca, Y., Rajan, T. S., Murmura, G., Trubiani, O., Oliva, S., Pizzicannella, J., Marconi, G. D., & Diomede, F. (2022). A Narrative Review: Gingival Stem Cells as a Limitless Reservoir for Regenerative Medicine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(8), 4135. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084135

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